Data Analysis Method of the Study

The first analysis was a morphological analysis. It aimed at examining blending patterns observed in English blends. This research combined blending patterns proposed by Algeo 1977 as cited in Hong 2004 and Lehler 2007. The design of classifying blends based on combining patterns in this research was shown in the following Table 3.2. It presented the way the researcher classified blends based on their patterns. The division of blends into contiguous and noncontiguous blends wa s taken from Algeo‟s work 1977, cited in Hong 2004. In addition, the classification of blends into three categories such as blends with overlapping, blends with clipping, and blends with clipping and overlapping was also taken from Algeo‟s work. Moreover, it also used Lehler‟s work 2007 in classifying blends based on the number of splinters. Table 3.2 The Scheme of Combining Patterns in English Blends General Category Category of blends Types of Combining Pattern Freq Contiguous blends 0 splinter Blends with overlapping complete overlap OV0 1 splinter Blends with clipping whole + last A first + whole B Blends with clipping and overlapping whole + last OV1a first + whole OV1b 2 splinters Blends with clipping first + last C first + first D Blends with clipping and overlapping first + last OV2a first + first OV2b Non- contiguous blends Blends with infixation insert infixes E Blends with interfixation insert interfixes F Four steps were conducted to answer the first research problem. First, blends in general were divided into two categories, namely contiguous and noncontiguous blends. As the name implies, blends which combined contiguous segments were classified as contiguous blends. On the contrary, blends which combined noncontiguous segments inserted segments were classified as noncontiguous blends. Second, in terms of contiguous blends, blends were classified into three categories, namely blends with zero, one, and two splinters. This classification depended on the number of splinters they had. Blends with zero splinter only had one category blends with overlapping since zero splinter meant no clipping at all. In other words, it was completely overlapping. Blends with one and two splinters had two categories each, namely blends with clipping and blends with clipping and overlapping. Third, the combining patterns of each category were examined. Dealing with contiguous blends, blends with one splinter occured in blends type A, B, OV1a, and OV1b since these four types of blends consisted of one splinter. Type A combined whole SW1 and last part of SW2. Conversely, type B combined first part of SW1 and whole SW2. Type OV1a combined whole SW1 and last part of SW2. Type OV1b joined first part of SW1 and whole SW2 together. Blends with two splinters occurred in blends type C, D, OV2a, and OV2b. Type C combined first part of SW1 and last part of SW2. Type D combined first parts of both SW1 and SW2. Type OV2a combined first part of SW1 and last part of SW2, while type OV2b combined first parts of both SW1 and SW2. For examples, as shown in Table 3.1, the blend plumcot had A pattern. It combined plum as the whole SW1 and cot as the last part of SW2. The blend paratroops belonged to type B since it combined first part of SW1 parachute and whole SW2 troops. The blend Chermany joined splinter Ch from the first part of China and splinter ermany from the last part of Germany. Therefore, it belonged to type C. The blend desknote merged first part of both SW1 and SW2 desktop and notebook, therefore it belonged to type D. In floptical flop x optical, the last part of SW1 overlapped with the first part of SW2, having op as the overlapped segments. Hence, it fitted in the type OV0 since it was completely overlap without retaining any splinters. The blend photopia photo x utopia belonged to type OV1a since there was an overlapping and clipping of SW2. It retained one splinter of SW2 and combined the whole SW1 and splinter of SW2. The blend twiddle twist x fiddle fitted into type OV2a since it had two splinters twi and idle and i as an overlapped segment. In terms of noncontiguous blends, blends which belonged to this category were classified into two categories, such as blends with infixation and blends with interfixation. The blend autopathography autobiography x pathology belonged to type E since there was an inserted element path as an infix which was put in the middle of autobiography autobiography x pathology. In workaholic work x alcoholic, there was an interfix –a- which linked first and second blended elements. The second analysis was also a morphological analysis to find out the word category of source words in blends. The results of this analysis were included in the third column of Table 3.1. There were two steps conducted in this analysis. First, the word categories of resulting blends were examined first. In order to examine this, blends were classified into four major word categories, namely noun blends, adjective blends, verb blends, and adverb blends. For examples, after checking dictionaries and examining the context in which blends occurred, these ten blends seen in Table 3.1 such as plumcot, paratroops, Chermany, desknote, autopathography, workaholic, floptical, photopia, biathlete, and duralumin were considered as nouns, henceforth noun blends. Twiddle was considered as verb, henceforth a verb blend. Second, blends were classified according to the word category of the source words, such as a noun + a noun, a verb + a verb, an adjective + an adjective, an adjective + a noun, a noun + a verb, and so forth. The blend plumcoat combined two nouns plum and apricot. The blend Floptical combined flop noun and optical adjective, twiddle joined two verbs twist and fiddle together, and duralumin combined an adjective durable and a noun aluminium. Accordingly, the results and frequency of each category of blends were included in following Table 3.3. Finally, plumcot, paratroops, Chermany, desknote, autopathography, workaholic, photopia, and biathlete were written as [N N]N, floptical as [N A]N belongs, twiddle as [V V]V, and duralumin as [A N]N. Table 3.3 . The Scheme of Word Category in English Blends No Word Category Adjective Blends Noun Blends Verb Blends Adverb Blends Total Percentage 1. A + A [A A] 2. A + N [A N] 3. N + A [N A] 4. N + N [N N] 5. V + V [V V] 6. …