Title with last name TLN

the speaker and the addressee do not have a close relationship or intimacy. Title only is usually used to show social distance among the speaker and the addressee. Datum presented below is the example of title only T performed by the character. The above conversation happens in a pub. This conversation occurs between a bartender and Stephen Hawking. Stephen goes to a pub with his friends to play pinball. While his friends are playing pinball, Stephen suddenly remembers that Jane gives a napkin to him. Jane writes her phone number on the napkin. Then, Stephen decides to make a call with Jane. Stephen asks to the bartender to give his money change in a coin. Stephen wants to call Jane via payphone. In this conversation, the bartender addresses Stephen by title only T. Title only is the type which bartender is supposed to use. The lower status ones should respect the ones with higher status as well as to show a social distance. Here, Stephen as a buyer has higher social status than the bartender. 4: 06 Stephen Hawking : Can I get two or more please? Bartender : Yeah, sir. Stephen Hawking : And some change for the payphone. Bartender : Yeah, sir. Sp : Bartender H : Stephen Hawking ATS-4P8D-2 Another dialogue containing title only T is presented below. It is the dialogue between Stephen and Sciama. The above dialogue happens in Sciama’s office. Stephen explains his invention about black holes. Stephen draws a dot at the blackboard. First, Sciama does not believe with Stephen’s invention. Then, Sciama starts to believe when slowly Stephen describes his invention. Sciama is very enthusiastic about it. It made him very amazed. Stephen answers Sciama’s command by using title only T in order to respect him as a lecturer. The use of title only also shows social distance among the student and the lecturer. As a student, Stephen has a lower social status than Sciama. Furthermore, Stephen uses title only since the context of the conversation is in a formal occasion and institution. 4: 07 Stephen Hawking : The universe born from a black hole exploding. Dennis Sciama : Keep going. Stephen Hawking : Keep going? You mean go further back, Professor? Before the universe began? Dennis Sciama : Keep going. Develop the mathematics. Sp : Stephen Hawking H : Dennis Sciama ATS-11 P26D-11 Another dialogue that contains the phenomena of title only T is written in the dialogue below. The next conversation takes place in Stephen’s house. This conversation occurs between Stephen and his new nurse, Elaine. Elaine comes to Stephens house on the orders of Jane. In this situation, Stephen has to use a wheelchair. His vocal cords are damaged, so that he cannot speak. Stephen can only write on a paper when he wants something. Then, Jane asks Elaine to maintain and to care for Stephen. Jane needs a help from a nurse because she is busy finishing her thesis. Elaine uses title only T in addressing Stephen because there is a different social status between them. Elaine, as a nurse, has lower status than Stephen as her boss. Title only used in the above