Kinship term KT Types of Address Terms Uttered by the Characters in

but she should address him as her school principal. A girl should address her father by using title with last name TLN or title only T inside the school. In school, they are involved in an institutional setting that requires formality and respect to the other. Meanwhile, in a family, they are there as a daughter and a father who can address each other by using kinship term KT. The example of the use of address terms that influenced by particular occasion PO is as follows: The example above takes place in the seminar room of Cambridge University. Dennis Sciama, as a speaker in tutorial, gives an exercise to his several young physicists. Meanwhile, Stephen reads a chess book that lies on his lap out of his sight under the table. Dennis Sciama, with a wicked smirk on his face, passes out a set of mathematical problems to Stephen. Then, Stephen looks up and crumples the paper in his pocket. 4: 13 Dennis Sciama : Well, then, here we are. A little challenge for you all, as you embark on your separate doctoral journeys – whatever they may be, Mr. Hawking. Stephen looks up, winces, knowing he’s way behind schedule Something to separate the men from the boys—the wheat from the chaff—the mesons from the pi mesons—the quarks from the quacks. Sp : Dennis Sciama H : Stephen Hawking ATS-3P7D-1 In this conversation, Dennis Sciama addresses Stephen by title with last name TLN, Mr. Hawking, since they are in a formal occasion and institution. Moreover, the reason why Dennis Sciama addresses Stephen using title with last name is because he only wants to snap at Stephen. Stephen is busy reading a chess book instead of paying attention on him. Another dialogue that contains the phenomena of particular occasion PO is written in the conversation below. The conversation above takes place in a seminar room of Cambridge University. After the dissertation examination done, Dennis Sciama asks Stephen’s plans after doing the research. Stephen answers that he wants to prove his research. Stephen addresses Dennis Sciama by using title only T since they are in a formal occasion and institution. Besides, Stephen wants to respect Dennis Sciama as his lecturer. The use of title only T also shows a social distance among the student and the lecturer. As a student, Stephen has a lower social status than Dennis Sciama. 4: 14 Dennis Sciama : So, what now? Stephen Hawking : Prove it. To prove with a single equation that time has beginning. Wouldn’t that be nice, Professor? One single elegant equation to explain everything? Dennis Sciama : Yes. It would. It would indeed. Sp : Stephen Hawking H : Dennis Sciama ATS-19P38D-21 The next conversation written below also shows another phenomena of particular occasion PO performed by the character. The conversation above occurs in auditorium of Cambridge University. In the end of the movie, Stephen becomes a new rock star. He successfully proved his time invention and wrote it into a book entitled “Brief History”. Stephen makes a mini seminar about his book. The seminar has opened by Dennis Sciama, his lecturer. Dennis Sciama addresses Stephen by title with last name TLN, Professor Hawking, since they are in a formal occasion. Moreover, Dennis Sciama wants to show their close relationship as friend although they are a lecturer and a student.

b. Social status or rank of the other SS

Social status is one kind of the social factors that can influence people to choose certain types of address terms. This factor indicates inequality in power between the speaker and the addressee. For example, the use of first name FN in addressing someone indicates intimacy between the speaker and the addressee. 4: 15 Dennis Sciama : I first met the professor in 1963. Now there you are. Time Where does it go? It has been one of the great joys of my life to watch this man defy every expectation, both scientific and personal. Please welcome onto the stage my esteemed colleague, my friend, Professor Hawking. Sp : Dennis Sciama H : Stephen Hawking ATS-50P88D-31