Permasalahan Sektor Transportasi Permasalahan Energi Saat Ini
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2015 INDONESIA ENERGY OUTLOOK
Sektor transportasi merupakan sektor pengguna energi inal komersil terbesar kedua setelah sektor industri. Saat
ini hampir seluruh konsumsi energi di sektor transportasi berupa BBM dan sekitar 89 konsumsi BBM di sektor
transportasi merupakan konsumsi sub sektor transportasi darat. Pemanfaatan BBM pada kendaraan bermotor
menyebabkan konsumsi BBM terus meningkat dan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu dalam RAPBN yang
meliputi subsidi energi dan impor minyak bumi dan BBM. Kenaikan volume impor minyak bumi dan BBM ini diyakini
menyebabkan melemahnya nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dollar Amerika dan valuta asing lainnya.
Di DKI Jakarta, jumlah kendaraan pribadi mencapai 96,5 yang melayani 44 perjalanan, sedangkan jumlah angkutan
umum mencapai 3,5 yang melayani 56 perjalanan diantaranya 3 dilayani kereta api KRL Jabodetabek.
Penyebab utama tingginya pertumbuhan kendaraan bermotor dan konsumsi BBM pada sub sektor transportasi
darat adalah harga bensin premium dan minyak solar ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah dengan harga subsidi. Hal
ini menyebabkan penggunaan energi alternatif sebagai substitusi BBM seperti BBG dan biofuel bioethanol dan
biodiesel menjadi terhambat.
Kondisi ini haruslah diperbaiki dengan mengubah pola transportasi dari penggunaan utama kendaraan
pribadi menjadi angkutan massal. Sementara subsidi BBM harus dialihkan untuk perbaikan infrastruktur serta
aktiitas perekonomian dan sosial yang lebih bermanfaat. Pemanfaatan bahan BBN dan BBG harus lebih didorong
dengan mengikutkan seluruh institusi terkait baik dari industri, keuangan, pertanian, perdagangan, pengelola
energi maupun dari sosial dan masyarakat.
Pengalihan subsidi bahan bakar minyak yang mencapai 130 triliun rupiah pada APBN 2015 diharapkan akan dapat
mendukung program perbaikan infrastruktur transportasi, serta pengembangan energi alternatif pengganti BBM.
Transportation sector is the second largest sector using commercial inal energy after industry sector. Currently,
almost entire energy consumption in the transportation sector is in the form of oil fuel and about 89 of it is the
consumption of road transportation sub-sector. Utilization of oil fuel in motor vehicle causes oil fuel consumption
continuing to rise and become one of the determining factors in the draft budget which includes energy subsidies and
import of crude oil and oil fuel. The increase in volume of imports of crude oil and oil fuel is afecting the weakening of
rupiah against US dollar and other foreign currencies.
In Jakarta, the number of private vehicles is 96.5, which serve 44 of commutation, while the number of public
transport reaches 3.5, which serve 56 of the commutation of which 3 fulilled by train KRL Jabodetabek.
The main cause of high growth of motor vehicles and oil fuel consumption in the road transport sub-sector is the
price of premium gasoline and diesel oil that are set by the government at subsidized rates. This led to the use of
alternative energy as oil fuel substitution such as CNG and biofuels bioethanol and biodiesel to be obstructed.
This condition should be improved by changing transportation pattern from the primary use of private vehicles into mass
transportation. While oil fuel subsidies should be diverted for infrastructure improvements as well as in economic and
social activities advancement. Biofuel and gas utilization should be encouraged as to include the entire relevant
institutions both from industry, inance, agriculture, trade, energy managers as well as from social and community.
The transfer of fuel subsidies that reached 130 trillion rupiah in the 2015 state budget is expected to be able to support
the improvement of transport infrastructure, as well as the development of alternative energy as substitute of oil fuel.