Analisis Kesalahan Pelafalan Nada Ketiga (上声shǎng Shēng ) Dalam Bahasa Mandarin Oleh Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara: Kajian Fonetik Akustik

LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Transkripsi wawancara dengan salah satu mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Ivan : Selamat siang dik, ini abang ada beberapa pertanyaan untuk wawancara, boleh minta waktunya sebentar?

Mahasiswa : Boleh bang.

Ivan : Apakah kamu merasa bahasa Mandarin sulit? Mahasiswa : Lumayan sulit bang.

Ivan : Bagaimana dengan nada dalam bahasa Mandarin, Sulit tidak? Mahasiswa : Lumayan sulit juga bang.

Ivan : Nada ketiga dalam bahasa Mandarin sulit tidak? Mahasiswa : tidak bang.

Ivan : Paham tidak cara melafalkan nada ketiga? Mahasiswa : Paham bang.

Ivan : Tahu tidak adanya perubahan nada ketiga jika diikuti nada ketiga? Mahasiswa : Tahu bang.

Ivan : Pernah tidak diajarkan dikampus cara melafalkan nada ketiga jika diikuti nada satu, dua, empat, ataupun dan lainnya secara detail? Mahasiswa : Belum bang.

Ivan : Terima kasih ya untuk waktunya. Mahasiswa : iya bang, sama-sama bang.

Lampiran 2. Daftar bentuk pelafalan nada mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara. 

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

S  T  A  N  D  A  R  1  2  3  4  5  6  Time (s) 0 0.2186 Pi tc h ( E R B ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3977 Pi tc h ( E R B ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2186 Pi tc h ( E R B ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2955 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2481 P itch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5102 Pi tc h ( E R B ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4713 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3558 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4093 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4317 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7503 Pitch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3635 P itch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4639 Pitc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.75 P itch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.696 Pi tch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4147 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6746 Pi tch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.647 Pitch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5741 Pi tch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4262 P itch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.576 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6043 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5688 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5841 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5788 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7124 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8911 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.768 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9161 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8138 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6115 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.029 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6693 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.667 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7408 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6864 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7388 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9161 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8097 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9633 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5607 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5073 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.485 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5392 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5493 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9796 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7702 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9667 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7564 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.046 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7135 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.905 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9157 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9083 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8771 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7239 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7209 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.004 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8486 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.739 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5544 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Pitc h (ERB ) Time (s) 0 0.5387 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4608 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5702 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.516 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.062 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.177 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.229 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.229 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.413 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.279 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.153 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.262 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.893 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9696 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9198 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8398 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7841 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.048 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.08 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9906 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.51 P itc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5565 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.406 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6472 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4975 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8296 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6971 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.635 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8861 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9303 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7547 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9007 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9386 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.011 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8938 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.766 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9818 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7343 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7299 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8852 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5565 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5476 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4989 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5315 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4608 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.045 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5346 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5346 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8359 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.772 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5426 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5184 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7679 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7521 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6797 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6555 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5539 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7916 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8117 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6587 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6788 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10

 

N O 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

S  T  A  N  D  A  R  1  2  3  4  5  6  Time (s) 0 0.3985 Pi tc h ( E R B ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3817 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4877 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4708 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3925 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6114 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6928 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5545 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6658 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7745 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7285 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7285 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5653 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7175 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7659 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5742 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6617 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5752 Pit ch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7278 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7318 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7811 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7683 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7215 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7783 Pit ch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7607 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.804 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7536 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6612 Pi tch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7243 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7464 Pi tch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8144 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7642 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7706 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6173 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.713 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6587 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7643 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6953 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6607 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6609 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.784 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6283 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8447 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6358 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6912 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9536 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9323 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9701 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9619 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9135 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9162 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7866 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9685 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9384 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8987 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7555 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8349 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8452 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9108 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.672 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8853 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9409 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9632 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8212 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8766 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.001 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8708 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.925 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.05 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8675 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9314 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.984 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.033 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9843 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9345 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7953 Pitc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9041 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8508 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.875 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8138 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7065 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7757 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5611 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5993 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7106 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9068 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7113 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7423 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7657 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7278 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8426 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7044 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.81 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.77 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7523 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6368 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6705 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.801 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.732 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8233 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.599 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6008 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5387 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6096 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7095 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8291 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6699 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6149 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5295 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7187 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.565 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7723 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6206 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7525 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6813 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6466 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7432 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6181 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6853 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6586 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5646 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4836 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5688 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4586 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5292 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6489 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7013 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6362 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5219 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5219 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7589 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7269 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8225 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8724 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7299 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6857 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.703 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6013 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8445 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6741 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8445 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

7  8  9  10  11  12  13  Time (s) 0 0.4881 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5276 P itch (E RB) 0 10 P itch (E RB) Time (s) 0 0.4808 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5428 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.468 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6395 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7037 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6614 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.748 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6902 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9855 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7201 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8793 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9047 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9682 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7756 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8144 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.751 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8165 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7065 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6095 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6095 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5303 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4764 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4575 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3548 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.887 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7081 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7858 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7145 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7737 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7453 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9066 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.69 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7803 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.834 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.834 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7579 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.797 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5781 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7459 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8357 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5475 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5345 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4664 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5203 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5003 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6557 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.511 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3799 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6374 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6795 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6962 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6661 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7096 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6419 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7654 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7129 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.814 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7459 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5205 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6323 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4756 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4682 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4729 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.538 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5009 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7164 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6655 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6847 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5599 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6094 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.766 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5415 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.479 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5711 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6723 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.529 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6372 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7215 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7347 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6844 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4853 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4978 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4392 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5213 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5612 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9489 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9144 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.06 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9007 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9558 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9082 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9558 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8402 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8992 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.03 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9133 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9525 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8672 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8626 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.897 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4546 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4574 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4732 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.435 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4131 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8413 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9044 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.908 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7244 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8237 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7705 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8416 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7462 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7922 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8382 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6723 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6598 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6746 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5281 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.734 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) P itch (E RB) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10 Pitc h ( ERB ) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 P itch (E RB) 10 Pit ch (ERB ) 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

7  8  9  10  11  12  13  Time (s) 0 0.7881 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7542 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6719 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6885 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4961 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7065 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.525 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6651 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6771 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9383 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9768 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7483 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.12 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9251 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8165 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9252 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8273 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8252 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8845 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.902 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7348 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6885 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7252 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6121 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6175 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6178 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6977 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7311 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7349 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7431 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7494 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7458 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8485 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5969 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6575 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6607 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7392 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7458 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6579 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7125 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6078 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6572 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5422 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4932 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5327 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5063 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4991 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7625 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5921 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6419 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6812 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6056 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8469 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4846 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7978 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6996 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.744 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9205 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5993 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7813 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6781 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6139 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.518 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4644 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5807 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.626 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6872 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7385 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6532 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6068 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7069 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6537 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8232 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5361 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6996 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.591 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6529 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8399 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6389 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5537 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6813 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7441 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9085 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8175 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8337 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5917 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9041 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7652 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7358 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7402 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8192 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8737 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9484 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7952 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9651 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.841 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7533 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8264 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7939 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9788 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4402 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.494 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6097 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5044 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7311 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6442 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6399 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6783 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6406 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6599 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6935 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5567 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7962 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5705 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6583 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6088 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6384 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.73 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7151 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5818 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.046 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.166 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.014 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.058 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.053 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.03 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.179 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.206 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.075 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.078 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.133 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.002 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.17 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9248 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.906 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.185 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8963 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9719 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.937 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.016 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

14  15  16  17  18  19  20  Time (s) 0 0.6693 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6882 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6122 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5978 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5645 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8161 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8056 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8483 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7728 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6638 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8619 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7731 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6829 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6406 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9296 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8436 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7968 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7546 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8234 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8487 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4597 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5471 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.529 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5595 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4583 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8454 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5762 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6466 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7248 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5518 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6813 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7054 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7428 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6115 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7013 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7035 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7328 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6304 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7085 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6663 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6093 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5682 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5516 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5655 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5901 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7312 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6104 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5524 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7285 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.797 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7754 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6537 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6048 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5978 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.823 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7369 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6219 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6351 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6292 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6972 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5817 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4516 P itch (E RB) 0 10 P itch (E RB) Time (s) 0 0.671 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5677 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4991 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8458 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8139 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7246 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8969 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Pit ch (ERB ) Time (s) 0 0.854 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6941 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9019 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6754 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6805 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8275 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7142 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6844 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8505 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8577 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7292 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4697 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4705 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4401 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5017 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5166 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.489 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.1791 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2372 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6692 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5489 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6763 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7079 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5534 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4212 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5759 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4789 Pi tch (m el) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.6083 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3556 Pit ch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5286 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6237 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6537 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6178 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5808 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6655 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5134 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.041 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7752 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8582 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8838 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7724 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7917 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6217 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7002 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.692 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9899 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8469 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8143 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.821 Pitc h (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8887 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7933 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 P itch (ERB) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pitch (ERB) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pitch ( ERB) 0 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 Pitch (ERB) 10 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pi tch (E RB) 10 Pitc h (ERB ) 10 P itc h (E RB) 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

14  15  16  17  18  19  20      Time (s) 0 0.7687 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6016 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7569 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.502 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.672 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8297 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.03 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9051 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8039 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.01 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9766 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8629 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9759 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8969 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.859 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9706 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.083 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8774 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8797 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7872 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5222 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4322 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.537 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5069 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4015 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6778 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.716 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6053 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5942 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8748 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6335 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5791 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9554 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.722 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5979 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.566 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7148 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7856 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5636 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6691 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5695 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.64 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6658 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5373 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4802 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.707 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7388 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7321 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.683 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6511 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7582 Pi tch (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6356 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8722 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6448 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6639 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.659 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.607 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5623 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.707 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5904 P itc h (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4377 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.531 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5305 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4095 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6416 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8207 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7315 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7707 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7501 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.611 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7799 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6609 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8602 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7182 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7803 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6996 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8044 Pitc h ( ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8543 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8028 P itch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7545 Pit ch (ERB ) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5274 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.559 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.347 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5589 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7145 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3529 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5205 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7866 P itch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4944 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4212 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5874 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4906 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7279 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3621 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5173 Pitc h (me l) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.6347 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2882 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6398 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5663 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5519 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6623 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.952 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6106 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8124 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8106 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7532 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.896 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9706 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6516 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8036 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9214 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7999 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.085 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8862 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8182 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.793 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.894 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.812 Pitc h (me l) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.848 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.749 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7153 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8867 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7081 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7496 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8442 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5522 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.06 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9796 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.952 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.912 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8807 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9258 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.016 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9601 Pi tch (E RB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.895 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9413 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8918 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8127 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7787 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6943 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

21  22  23  24  25  26  27  Time (s) 0 0.5273 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5345 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4874 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4774 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.4301 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7433 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6051 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5921 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5982 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6215 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6402 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6646 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5569 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5999 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6523 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5793 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5055 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5394 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5942 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5426 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4547 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4104 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3781 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5028 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.537 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8344 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.251 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.222 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.304 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.404 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.124 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.269 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8688 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9845 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.046 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.081 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.042 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9946 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.095 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9137 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7344 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7043 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6932 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.73 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6567 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.158 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.127 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8488 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9597 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.029 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8616 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.215 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.248 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8509 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.145 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.066 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.021 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.069 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.236 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.28 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6138 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2544 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4287 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6402 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6703 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7409 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8083 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7292 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7367 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9622 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8006 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8652 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.738 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7507 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7504 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.727 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5213 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6888 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7342 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.981 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5278 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4908 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3774 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6102 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5871 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7037 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.034 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7675 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8956 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.042 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.141 Pitc h (me l) 0 500 Time (s) 0 1.035 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.194 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.051 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.104 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.099 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.124 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.322 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.217 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.015 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5702 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5755 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4977 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5358 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5052 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7289 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8513 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.604 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7808 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7409 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7739 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6947 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7441 Pitch (mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.5908 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7798 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7552 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.796 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6896 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5827 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.697 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

NO 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

21  22  23  24  25  26  27    Time (s) 0 0.4176 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3661 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5434 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4992 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6055 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6914 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5642 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5095 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4619 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5451 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5275 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5672 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5563 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4258 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4908 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5114 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.4727 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5557 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5144 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4308 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7304 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9591 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9171 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7122 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8532 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.114 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.29 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.039 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.185 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.202 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7278 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8782 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.111 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8717 Pitch (mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.8207 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.011 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8937 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.918 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.057 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.04 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9558 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9637 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8365 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.834 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.018 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.837 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9548 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.102 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8973 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.155 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.065 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.001 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.324 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.145 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.097 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.061 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.162 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.162 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.294 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8432 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.681 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6595 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7204 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6445 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5473 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9177 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8715 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8335 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9868 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8153 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8478 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7501 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9551 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7554 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7212 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7964 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8697 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9083 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9035 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5473 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7627 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9651 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8103 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8672 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7733 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9054 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.031 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.992 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.146 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.106 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.059 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9351 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.193 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9966 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8954 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8532 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7628 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.158 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.104 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9014 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5152 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6023 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.449 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5948 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6039 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.729 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.019 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7807 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6483 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5956 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8133 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8686 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.846 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8047 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7502 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.399 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7316 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9991 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7614 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.392 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5237 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7078 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8049 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6092 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7187 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6316 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7802 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7944 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7647 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8492 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8118 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6144 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8788 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7335 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6956 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7471 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6645 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8643 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6785 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7673 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

28  29  30  31  32  33  34  Time (s) 0 0.5473 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5709 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5541 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5884 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5756 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.021 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8296 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9036 Pitch (mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.9465 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8275 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8847 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8208 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8123 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7247 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9143 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7129 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8659 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7487 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8207 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7174 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4773 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4677 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4182 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4754 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3997 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9205 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9269 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7983 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8866 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.771 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9498 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6712 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8454 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.789 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.017 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8075 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8757 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9779 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8315 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.941 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2804 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2375 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2688 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2307 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.349 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6593 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6806 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5122 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5569 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4683 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6412 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7109 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7173 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4908 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7272 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5501 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4487 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5724 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4785 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4765 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5762 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6221 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5944 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6511 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.527 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8912 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9472 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.131 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.11 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9627 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.004 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.035 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9726 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8641 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.143 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7942 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9189 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7622 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4667 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8205 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5355 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4878 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5097 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5068 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4935 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.786 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8235 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8453 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.812 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8322 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9149 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9031 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9347 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8344 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9204 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9281 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9887 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.956 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7777 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9557 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5434 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5207 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2968 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6739 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5457 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.469 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.261 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.412 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.281 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.448 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.383 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.303 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.114 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.343 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.143 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.009 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9758 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9404 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.19 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.345 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

28  29  30  31  32  33  34  Time (s) 0 0.6067 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5977 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4903 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.542 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.717 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5968 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.754 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7789 Pitch (mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.741 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8278 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8651 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7976 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9128 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6828 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6889 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8433 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8075 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5287 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8522 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6694 Pitch (ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9453 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8149 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6115 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.74 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9695 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.772 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8421 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9497 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9809 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7657 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9533 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9271 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9696 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9156 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6922 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.8115 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8294 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9078 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9927 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.166 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3512 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5194 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4003 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3299 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5935 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.5661 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6712 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6453 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4851 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6013 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5617 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5854 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6314 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6418 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6018 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6353 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.698 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4934 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6516 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5367 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5096 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4607 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5833 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4319 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6325 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.8468 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8797 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.831 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7199 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9137 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9206 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.684 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9393 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8247 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9612 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6913 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7984 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.152 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7125 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7885 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9116 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8943 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8775 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7206 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9497 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.789 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9999 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9827 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8858 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8822 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.143 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7659 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.116 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8418 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9552 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.086 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9174 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9593 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.083 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9178 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8855 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8117 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5628 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7438 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.003 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.081 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.207 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.387 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.248 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.361 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.231 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.033 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.179 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 1.11 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.228 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.045 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7921 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.025 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9582 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9368 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6543 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6435 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8625 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8663 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7066 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6029 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9603 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8765 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7895 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8617 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8263 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.594 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.962 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7055 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.714 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4992 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6647 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8481 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7648 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7573 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

N O 

NADA KETIGA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA PERTAMA  NAADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KETIGA 

ai  bǎi  bǎ  bǎo  běn  běi jīng  guǒ zhī  hǎo chī  xiǎo xīn  jiǎn dān  kě néng  jiǎn chá  shuǐ  píng 

qǐ 

chuáng  nǚ rén  kě yǐ  xǐ zǎo  xiǎo jiě 

shǒu 

biǎo  dǎ sǎo 

35  36  37  38  39  40                  Time (s) 0 0.6717 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6335 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6818 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6999 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6732 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5705 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5673 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6297 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5929 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5442 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5957 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8208 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5411 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.629 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7166 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5247 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7833 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8825 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7371 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.679 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4392 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5347 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4576 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4299 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4722 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7495 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5858 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.776 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6581 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9963 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7774 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6912 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5443 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5121 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.78 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7191 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5577 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4406 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4659 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3987 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6617 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6618 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6098 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6404 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5674 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7558 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8169 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8006 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.077 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6656 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9933 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.016 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6845 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.815 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.109 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8956 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8063 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9162 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9795 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9564 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4705 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4832 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.427 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.2631 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4909 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7377 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7229 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5363 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.368 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7574 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.728 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7156 Pitc h (ER B) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.813 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7864 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8533 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7109 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8073 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7862 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6107 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7571 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6783 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5713 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7093 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.725 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7201 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8331 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7365 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8097 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8308 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6866 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.685 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6589 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.539 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7401 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6405 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7149 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7613 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5856 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6532 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5316 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5109 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5253 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5596 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5507 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7912 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6883 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7317 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7887 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6676 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7072 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6334 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.743 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6773 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.539 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6021 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6598 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6766 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6212 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7043 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

  N O 

NADA KETIGA DIIKUTI NADA KEEMPAT  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA PERTAMA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEDUA  NADA KETIGA DIDAHULUI NADA KEEMPAT  bǐ sài  bǐ jiào  kǎo shì  kě`ài  dǎ suàn  hēi bǎn  jīng lǐ  zhōng 

wǔ  jī chǎng  shēn tǐ  cí yǚ  ér qiě  niú nǎi  pí jiǔ 

píng 

guǒ  bàn fǎ  bào zhǐ 

diàn  nǎo 

fàn 

guǎn  dì tiě 

35  36  37  38  39  40                Time (s) 0 0.5444 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6337 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.661 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4661 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6897 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5193 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7412 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6765 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8388 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7626 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7746 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7008 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7796 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7225 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7435 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5744 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7058 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7289 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.639 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6873 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6126 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5662 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6727 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5643 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4245 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8155 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9188 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6363 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6216 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6079 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.801 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4689 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7434 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4942 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5809 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5502 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7665 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4933 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5801 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.412 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5333 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5869 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.574 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5099 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6105 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6635 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.019 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7815 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9934 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9479 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9923 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9272 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.057 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9793 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8842 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8807 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.735 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.9635 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 1.05 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8798 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4619 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4329 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5793 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.3807 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4983 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5503 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6833 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6499 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6152 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6752 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8089 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7064 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8041 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5315 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7905 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.646 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6821 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5919 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8624 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6545 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5966 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.737 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6193 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.669 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7098 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7451 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7896 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7163 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7714 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7403 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7191 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7134 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6215 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6756 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7002 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.4819 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5131 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.609 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7007 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.631 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6267 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6861 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.583 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5662 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7358 P itch ( mel) 0 500 Time (s) 0 0.7278 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7379 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6898 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.675 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6385 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5167 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.636 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7029 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.5766 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8455 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.8639 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.6388 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.758 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7211 P itch ( ERB) 0 10 Time (s) 0 0.7156 P itch ( ERB) 0 10

BAB III

METODE PENELITIAN

Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Bogdan (dalam Furchan, 1992:20) menjelaskan bahwa metode Kualitatif adalah prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif: ucapan, atau tulisan dan perilaku yang dapat diamati dari orang-orang (subyek) itu sendiri.

Penelitian kualitatif adalah penelitian yang bermaksud untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian misalnya perilaku, persepsi, motivasi, tindakan, dll, secara holistik dan dengan cara deskripsi dalam bentuk kata-kata dan bahasa, pada suatu konteks khusus yang alamiah dan dengan memanfaatkan berbagai metode alamiah (Moleong, 2006:6).

3.1 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakutas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara, pada Program Studi Sastra Cina yang terletak di jalan Universitas No.19 Kampus USU, Medan, Sumatera Utara.

Waktu penelitian ini dimulai dari bulan Februari 2016 sampai dengan bulan Maret 2016.

3.2 Data dan Sumber Data

Data dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan lisan yang terdiri atas 40 kosa kata dasar yang harus diucapkan oleh mahasiswa angkatan 2015. Kosa kata yang berjumlah 40 buah tersebut terdiri atas 5 buah kata tunggal nada ketiga, 5 buah kata gabungan nada ketiga diikuti nada pertama, 5 buah kata gabungan nada

ketiga diikuti nada kedua, 5 buah kata gabungan nada ketiga diikuti nada ketiga, 5 buah kata gabungan nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat, 5 buah kata gabungan nada pertama diikuti nada ketiga, 5 buah kata gabungan nada kedua diikuti nada ketiga, 5 buah kata gabungan nada ke empat diikuti nada ketiga. Sebagai rinciannya akan dibuat dalam bentuk tabel berikut ini.

Tabel 3.1 Tabel Kosa Kata yang akan Dibaca oleh Mahasiswa

Nada ketiga ǎi

矮

bǎi 百

bǎ 把

bǎo 饱

běn 本 Nada ketiga + Nada pertama běi jīng

北京

guǒ zhī

果汁

hǎo chī

好吃

xiǎo xīn

小心

jiǎn dān

简

Nada ketiga + Nada kedua kě néng

可能

jiǎn chá

检查

shu píng

水平

q chuáng

起床

nǚ rén

女人

Nada ketiga + Nada ketiga kě y

可以

x zǎo

洗澡

xiǎo jiě

小姐

shǒu biǎo

手表

dǎ sǎo

打扫

Nada ketiga + Nada keempat b sài

比赛

b jiào

比较

kǎo shì

考试

kě`ài

可爱

dǎ suàn

打算

Nada petama + Nada ketiga hēi bǎn

黑板

jīng l

理

zhōng wǔ

中午

jī chǎng

机场

shēn t

身体

Nada kedua + Nada ketiga cí yǚ

词语

ér qiě

而且

niú nǎi

牛奶

pí jiǔ

啤酒

píng guǒ

苹果

Nada keempat + Nada ketiga bàn fǎ

办法

bào zh

报纸

diàn nǎo 电脑

fàn guǎn

饭馆

dì tiě

地铁

Pemilihan gabungan nada yang berbeda-beda disebabkan oleh adanya aturan perubahan nada ketiga. Perubahan tersebut tergantung pada nada yang mengikuti ataupun mendahuluinya. Hal ini dilakukan agar semua perubahan nada masuk di dalam daftar kata yang akan dilafalkan mahasiswa. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menguji apakah mahasiswa telah menguasai dan mampu melafalkan dengan tepat semua perubahan nada itu atau tidak. Pemilihan kata-kata dalam daftar kata tersebut diambil dari daftar kosa kata buku panduan belajar HSK 3.

Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2015 Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara yang berjumlah 40 mahasiswa. Mahasiswa angkatan 2015 merupakan mahasiswa yang memiliki latar belakang pendidikan bahasa Mandarin dengan tingkat dasar. Para pembelajar ini didominasi oleh masyarakat pribumi yang yang bahasa pertamanya adalah bahasa Indonesia.

Pada masa perkuliahan, mahasiswa angkatan 2015 telah dibekali mata kuliah Bahasa Cina Dasar I, Bahasa Cina Dasar II, mata kuliah membaca. Dalam matakuliah ini mahasiswa telah diajarkan pelafalan nada secara tepat, dan ketepatan nada dalam bahasa Mandarin.

Penelitian ini akan terfokus kepada pengukuran bunyi nada ketiga yang diucapkan oleh mahasiswa angkatan 2015 Program Studi Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara sesuai dengan daftar kata yang telah disusun. Dalam penelitian ini, analisis suara akan menunjukkan ciri akustik bunyi tuturan dalam bahasa Mandarin dengan menggunakan bantuan program komputer

Praat untuk mengukur Pitch (bentuk nada) sebagai salah satu ciri akustiknya.

3.3 Instrumen Penelitian

Instrumen penelitian menurut Arikunto (2005:116) adalah alat bantu yang digunakan oleh peneliti untuk mempermudah dirinya dalam melaksanakan tugas mengumpulkan data.

Dalam penelitian ini, instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah daftar kosa kata yang telah disusun sedemikian rupa yang kemudian diberikan kepada responden untuk dibaca satu per-satu dan direkam menggunakan

alat perekam. Setelah pelafan nada responden direkam, data rekaman tersebut akan dimasukkan ke dalam program praat untuk mengetahui bentuk pelafalan nada responden.

3.4 Metode dan Teknik Pengumpulan Data

Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian kualitatif menempati peran yang sangat penting. Kualitas hasil temuan dalam penelitian kualitatif sangat ditentukan oleh cara pengumpulan data. Dalam penelitian kualitatif kemampuan peneliti dalam mengumpulkan data sangat menentukan kualitas data yang ditentukan (Setiyadi, 2006:237).

Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu teknik observasi, teknik rekam, dan teknik wawancara.

3.4.1 Teknik Observasi

Observasi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah, peneliti melakukan pengamatan dengan cara merekam tuturan nada ketiga yang telah disusun dalam daftar kata dari salah satu mahasiswa Program Studi Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara dengan kata-kata yang telah disusun dan direkam menggunakan alat perekam yang kemudian hasil rekaman tersebut akan dianalisis menggunakan Praat.

3.4.2 Teknik Rekam

Penelitian ini peneliti juga menggunakan teknik rekam, yaitu dengan cara merekam tuturan seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 2015 Program Studi Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara dengan menggunakan alat perekam Xiandaibi tipe: K15. Mahasiswa akan membaca daftar kosa-kata dasar

dalam bahasa Mandarin yang berjumlah 40 buah. Data yang telah direkam kemudian akan diolah menggunakan program Praat dengan komputer untuk melihat bentuk nada yang dituturkan oleh mahasiswa Program Studi Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

3.4.3 Teknik Wawancara

Wawancara yang dipakai dalam penelitian kualitatif termasuk cara pengumpulan data yang menggunakan pertanyaan terbuka. Dibandingkan dengan alat pengumpulan data lainnya, prosedur pengumpulan data model ini dapat digunakan untuk menggali hubungan sebab akibat antar aspek dalam penelitian kualitatif (Setiyadi, 2006:243).

Pada metode wawancara, penulis membuat pertanyaan-pertanyaan untuk melakukan wawancara terbuka kepada informan yaitu mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab kesalahan yang terjadi dalam pelafalan nada ketiga.

3.5 Metode dan Teknik Analisis Data

Analisis data menurut Patton (dalam Moleong, 2006:280) adalah proses mengatur urutan data, mengorganisasikannya ke dalam suatu pola, kategori, dan satu uraian dasar.

Dalam penelitian ini, data berupa rekaman suara nada mahasiswa dan penutur asli dianalisis. Pada bagian ini akan dilakukan analisis kesalahan pada pelafalan nada ketiga mahasiswa. Berikut merupakan langkah-langkah yang dilakukan :

2. Mencari kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang dilafalkan oleh mahasiswa. 3. Mengklasifikasikan data sesuai bentuk kesalahnnya.

4. Mencari faktor penyebab kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga responden dengan cara mewawancarai responden.

5. Menarik simpulan.

3.6 Jadwal Penelitian

Adapun jadwal kegiatan pada penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut : Tabel 3. 2 Tabel Jadwal Penelitian

No  KEGIATAN 

TAHUN KEGIATAN (TAHUN 2016) 

MEI  JUNI   JULI  AGUSTUS  SEPTEMBER  1  2  3  4  1  2  3  4  1  2  3  4  1  2  3  4  1  2  3  4 

1  Pengumpulan Data       

2  Penyusunan Proposal        

3  Seminar Proposal       

4  Penyusunan Skripsi       

5  Sidang Skripsi       

BAB IV

ANALISIS KESALAHAN PELAFALAN NADA KETIGA (上声shǎng

shēng) DALAM BAHASA MANDARIN OLEH MAHASISWA SASTRA

CINA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA: KAJIAN FONETIK AKUSTIK

Bab empat ini berisi analisis kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga (上声shǎng

shēng) dalam bahasa Mandarin. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah rekaman tuturan lisan 40 mahasiswa Sastra Cina angkatan 2015. Dalam bab ini akan dipaparkan bentuk kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga mahasiswa Sastra Cina, dan juga akan dipaparkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga oleh mahasiswa Sastra Cina.

4.1 Bentuk Kesalahan Pelafalan Nada Ketiga dalam Bahasa Mandarin Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara

Berikut merupakan hasil analisis tuturan nada ketiga mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara yang berjumlah 40 mahasiswa:

Tabel 4.1.1 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 1

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Jenis Nada 3 3+1 3+2 3+3 3+4 1+3 2+3 4+3

Kata bǎ běi jīng shu

píng xiǎo jiě kě`ài

jī chǎng

píng

guǒ fàn guǎn

Pitch Lafal Standar

Pitch Lafal Mahasiswa

Dari tabel 4.1.1 menunjukkan responden 1 melakukan tiga buah kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga. Adapun kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang dilafalkan oleh responden 1 antara lain:

Time (s) 0 0.2186

Pi

tch

(

E

RB

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5102

Pi

tch

(

E

RB

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4639

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.647

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4708

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6658

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7659

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7278

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5688

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7124

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6693

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9161

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7783

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7243

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.713

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6607

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

a. Nada ketiga diikuti nada ketiga

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.1 pada no 4, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti dengan nada ketiga, maka nada ketiga yang berada di depan mengalami perubahan menjadi bentuk nada meninggi, dan nada ketiga yang di belakang tetap dibaca penuh dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian meninggi. Pada bagian ini responden melafalkan nada ketiga bagian depan dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian meninggi, dan nada ketiga bagian belakang dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian mendatar.

b. Nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.1 pada no 5, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat, maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada menurun lalu meninggi lagi.

c. Nada ketiga didahului nada pertama

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.1 pada no 6, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana nada ketiga yang seharusnya dilafalkan menurun kemudian meninggi dilafalkan responden dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

Tabel 4.1.2 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 2

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Jenis Nada 3 3+1 3+2 3+3 3+4 1+3 2+3 4+3

Kata bǎ běi jīng shu

píng xiǎo jiě kě`ài

jī chǎng

píng

guǒ fàn guǎn

Pitch Lafal Standar

Pitch Lafal Mahasiswa

Dari tabel 4.1.2 menunjukkan responden 2 melakukan dua buah kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga. Adapun kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang dilafalkan oleh responden 2 antara lain:

a. Nada ketiga diikuti nada ketiga

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.2 pada no 4, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti dengan nada ketiga, maka nada ketiga yang berada di depan mengalami perubahan menjadi bentuk nada meninggi, dan nada ketiga yang di belakang tetap dibaca penuh dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian meninggi, namun responden melafalkan nada ketiga bagian depan menjadi dengan bentuk nada menurun dan nada ketiga bagian belakang dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

b. Nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.1 pada no 5, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat, maka nada ketiga

Time (s) 0 0.2186

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5102

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4639

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.647

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4708

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6658

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7659

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7278

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.485

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9796

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9157

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 1.004

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6358

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9619

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.8987

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9108

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

Tabel 4.1.3 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 3

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Jenis Nada 3 3+1 3+2 3+3 3+4 1+3 2+3 4+3

Kata bǎ běi jīng shu

píng xiǎo jiě kě`ài

jī chǎng

píng

guǒ fàn guǎn

Pitch Lafal Standar

Pitch Lafal Mahasiswa

Dari tabel 4.1.3 menunjukkan responden 3 melakukan enam buah kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga. Adapun kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang dilafalkan oleh responden antara lain:

a. Nada ketiga

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 1, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana nada yang seharusnya dilafalkan menurun kemudian meninggi tetapi dilafalkan mendatar kemudian meninggi.

b. Nada ketiga diikuti nada pertama

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 2, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada pertama maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

c. Nada ketiga diikuti nada kedua Time (s)

0 0.2186

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5102

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4639

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.647

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4708

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6658

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7659

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7278

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4608

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 1.062

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.893

Pitch (ERB

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 1.048

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.8212

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 1.05

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9345

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.875

Pitch (ERB

)

0 10

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 3, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada kedua maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

d. Nada ketiga diikuti nada ketiga

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 4, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti dengan nada ketiga, maka nada ketiga yang berada di depan mengalami perubahan menjadi bentuk nada meninggi, dan nada ketiga yang di belakang tetap dibaca penuh dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian meninggi. Pada bagian ini, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga bagian depan, responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

e. Nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 5, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat, maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada meninggi kemudian menurun.

f. Nada ketiga didahului nada pertama

Seperti yang terlihat dalam tabel 4.1.3 pada no 6, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana

nada ketiga yang seharusnya dilafalkan menurun kemudian meninggi dilafalkan responden dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

Tabel 4.1.4 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 4

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Jenis Nada 3 3+1 3+2 3+3 3+4 1+3 2+3 4+3

Kata bǎ běi jīng shu

píng xiǎo jiě kě`ài

jī chǎng

píng

guǒ fàn guǎn

Pitch Lafal Standar

Pitch Lafal Mahasiswa

Dari tabel 4.1.4 menunjukkan responden 4 melakukan lima buah kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga. Adapun kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang dilafalkan oleh responden 4 antara lain:

a. Nada ketiga diikuti nada pertama

Seperti yang terlihat pada tabel 4.1.4 pada no 2, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada pertama maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

b. Nada ketiga diikuti nada kedua

Seperti yang terlihat pada tabel 4.1.4 pada no 3, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada kedua maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada menurun lalu mendatar.

Time (s) 0 0.2186

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5102

Pit

ch (E

R

B

)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4639

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.647

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.4708

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.6658

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7659

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7278

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.406

Pitch (E

RB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.8296

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.9386

Pitch (E

RB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7343

Pitch (E

RB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.5993

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7657

Pitch (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.7523

Pitc

h (ERB)

0 10

Time (s) 0 0.732

Pitch (E

RB)

0 10

c. Nada ketiga diikuti nada ketiga

Seperti yang terlihat pada tabel 4.1.4 pada no 4, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti dengan nada ketiga, maka nada ketiga yang berada di depan mengalami perubahan menjadi bentuk nada meninggi, dan nada ketiga yang di belakang tetap dibaca penuh dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian meninggi. Pada bagian ini, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga bagian depan, responden melafalkannya secara menurun kemudian mendatar.

d. Nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat

Seperti yang terlihat pada tabel 4.1.4 pada no 5, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana yang seharusnya jika nada ketiga diikuti nada keempat, maka nada ketiga hanya dilafalkan menurun , tetapi responden melafalkannya dengan bentuk nada mendatar.

e. Nada ketiga didahului nada kedua

Seperti yang terlihat pada tabel 4.1.4 pada no 7, responden melakukan kesalahan pelafalan nada ketiga yang terlihat dari bentuk pitch, di mana nada ketiga yang seharusnya dilafalkan menurun kemudian meninggi dilafalkan responden dengan bentuk nada menurun kemudian mendatar.

Tabel 4.1.5 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 5

No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Jenis Nada 3 3+1 3+2 3+3 3+4 1+3 2+3 4+3

Kata bǎ běi jīng shu

píng xiǎo jiě kě`ài

jī

vi DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2 1 Tabel Konsonan Dalam Bahasa Mandarin ... 15

Tabel 2 2 Tabel Vokal dalam Bahasa Mandarin ... 16

Tabel 3.1 Tabel Kosa Kata yang akan Dibaca oleh Mahasiswa ... 25 

Tabel 3. 3 Tabel Jadwal Penelitian ... 29 

Tabel 4.1. 1 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 1 ... 30 

Tabel 4.1. 2 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 2 ... 32 

Tabel 4.1. 3 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 3 ... 33 

Tabel 4.1. 4 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 4 ... 35 

Tabel 4.1. 5 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 5 ... 36 

Tabel 4.1. 6 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 6 ... 38 

Tabel 4.1. 7 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 7 ... 39 

Tabel 4.1. 8 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 8 ... 39 

Tabel 4.1. 9 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 9 ... 41 

Tabel 4.1. 10 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 10 ... 42 

Tabel 4.1. 11 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 11 ... 43 

Tabel 4.1. 12 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 12 ... 45 

Tabel 4.1. 13 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 13 ... 46 

Tabel 4.1. 14 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 14 ... 48 

Tabel 4.1. 15 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 15 ... 50 

Tabel 4.1. 16 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 16 ... 51 

Tabel 4.1. 17 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 17 ... 53 

Tabel 4.1. 18 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 18 ... 54 

Tabel 4.1. 19 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 19 ... 55 

Tabel 4.1. 20 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 20 ... 56 

Tabel 4.1. 21 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 21 ... 58 

Tabel 4.1. 22 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 22 ... 59 

Tabel 4.1. 23 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 23 ... 60 

Tabel 4.1. 24 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 24 ... 62 

Tabel 4.1. 25 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 25 ... 64 

Tabel 4.1. 26 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 26 ... 65 

Tabel 4.1. 27 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 27 ... 66 

Tabel 4.1. 28 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 28 ... 67 

Tabel 4.1. 29 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 29 ... 69 

Tabel 4.1. 30 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 30 ... 69 

Tabel 4.1. 31 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 31 ... 71 

Tabel 4.1. 32 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 32 ... 73 

Tabel 4.1. 33 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 33 ... 74 

vii

Tabel 4.1. 35 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 35 ... 77 

Tabel 4.1. 36 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 36 ... 79 

Tabel 4.1. 37 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 37 ... 80 

Tabel 4.1. 38 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 38 ... 82 

Tabel 4.1. 39 Bentuk Pelafalan Nada Ketiga Responden 39 ... 82 

viii DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1 ... 3 Gambar 2. 1 ... 13

ix DAFTAR SINGKATAN

B1 : Bahasa Pertama B2 : Bahasa Kedua

x DAFTAR ISI

ABSTRACT ... i 

ABSTRAK ... ii 

KATA PENGANTAR ... iii 

DAFTAR TABEL ... vi 

DAFTAR GAMBAR ... viii 

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ... ix 

DAFTAR ISI ... x 

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ... 1 

1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ... 1 

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ... 6 

1.3 Batasan Masalah ... 6 

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ... 7 

1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ... 7 

1.5.1  Manfaat Teoretis ... 7 

1.5.2  Manfaat Praktis ... 7 

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA, KONSEP, LANDASAN TEORI ... 9 

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka ... 9 

2.2 Konsep ... 11 

2.2.1  Analisis Kesalahan ... 11 

2.2.2  Nada ... 12 

2.2.3  Nada Ketiga pada Bahasa Mandarin ... 12 

2.2.4  Vokal Dan Konsonan ... 15 

2.2.5  Fonetik Akustik ... 17 

2.3 Landasan Teori ... 19 

2.3.1   Analisis Kesalahan ... 19 

2.3.2  Praat ... 21 

2.3.3  Faktor Penyebab Kesalahan Berbahasa ... 22 

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ... 24 

xi

3.2 Data dan Sumber Data ... 24 

3.3 Instrumen Penelitian ... 26 

3.4 Metode dan Teknik Pengumpulan Data ... 27 

3.4.1  Teknik Observasi ... 27 

3.4.2  Teknik Rekam ... 27 

3.4.3 Teknik Wawancara ... 28 

3.5 Metode dan Teknik Analisis Data ... 28 

3.6 Jadwal Penelitian ... 29 

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ... 30 

4.1 Bentuk Kesalahan Pelafalan Nada Ketiga dalam Bahasa Mandarin Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas Sumatera Utara ... 30 

4.2 Faktor Penyebab Kesalahan Pelafalan Nada Ketiga pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Sastra Cina ... 87 

4.2.1 Faktor Bahasa Pertama ... 87 

4.2.2 Faktor Kekurangfahaman Pemakai Bahasa ... 89 

4.2.3 Faktor Pengajaran Bahasa yang Kurang Tepat atau Kurang Sempurna 91  BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ... 93 

5.1 Simpulan ... 93 

5.2 Saran ... 94 

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ... 96 

LAMPIRAN ... 98 

Lampiran 1. Transkripsi wawancara dengan salah satu mahasiswa Sasatra Cina

Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Lampiran 2. Daftar bentuk pelafalan nada mahasiswa Sastra Cina Universitas