f. Description
Description is a translation technique that is applied by translator to describe its form orand function. For example,
ST: Pendopo TT: The open sided audience hall where regents used to meet the
kabupaten’s assembled dignitaries.
Based on the example above, the translator uses description technique. The translator translates pendopo and gives some information or detail about the
meaning of pendopo. The word pendopo is Indonesian word, so the translator maintains the culture on the novel.
g. Discursive Creation
Discursive creation is a translation technique that is applied by translator to establish a temporary equivalence that is totally unpredictable out of context. For
example, ST: Para Priyayi
TT: Javanese Gentry Based on the example above, the translator translates the word Para Priyayi
into Javanese Gentry. The word priyayi means a great Javanese man, so the translator translates Para Priyayi into Javanese Gentry.
h. Established Equivalent
Established equivalent is a translation technique for the same situation using a completely different phrase. For example,
ST: Ia sedang mencari sebuah jarum dalam tumpukan jerami, TT: He was looking through a haystack to find a needle
The translator translates the context into he was looking through a haystack to find a needlewhich exists in Indonesian. In this case, the translation of the idiom
in the source text can be predicted into the form of idiom in TT. Those idioms are used to describe a person who is doing something very difficult to do or to solve
problem. When translating difficult phrases such as idioms, figurative language, and etc, the translator needs to understand the meaning behind the idiom. The
translator translates those idioms into easy-to-understand.
i. Generalization
Generalization is a translation technique uses more general or neutral term in the target language. For example,
ST: Becak TT: Vehicle
In the example above, the translator translates the word becak into vehicle. The word becak is one of the land transportations in Indonesia. The translator
gives more general, so the readers know about the kind of land transportation.
j. Linguistic Amplification
Linguistic amplification is a translation technique that the translator applies to add a linguistic element, it is opposition to linguistic compression. For
example, ST: “Lalu?”
TT: “Yes, then?”
In the example above, the Indonesian expression and English expression have some differences. The translator translates the word “Lalu” into “Yes, then”
maintain the naturalness, so he adds a linguistic element.
k. Linguistic Compression
Linguistic compression is a translation technique that the translator applies to synthesize linguistic element in target text. For example:
ST: “Cuma main-main saja, bukan beneran” TT:
“Just kidding” Based on the example above, the translator translates a phrase “Cuma main-
main saja, bukan beneran” is translated into “Just kidding”, when information is considered unnecessary.
l. Literal Translation
Kategori