In the example above, the Indonesian expression and English expression have some differences. The translator translates the word “Lalu” into “Yes, then”
maintain the naturalness, so he adds a linguistic element.
k. Linguistic Compression
Linguistic compression is a translation technique that the translator applies to synthesize linguistic element in target text. For example:
ST: “Cuma main-main saja, bukan beneran” TT:
“Just kidding” Based on the example above, the translator translates a phrase “Cuma main-
main saja, bukan beneran” is translated into “Just kidding”, when information is considered unnecessary.
l. Literal Translation
Literal translation is a translation technique that is applied by translator to translate a word or an expression into word for word. It is the direct transfer of a
source text, although it seems like calque only used when the structures and concepts of the language run parallel to each other.
For example:
ST: Nyuwun sewu, Bapak. Saya ingin mengemukakan pendapat saya. TT: If I may, Father, could I say something?
It is a dialogue of Mini and her father. Mini gave an opinion about her wedding. In the example above the translator employs literal translation
technique. It could be seen in the wordbapak which is translated into father in the target text.
m. Modulation
Modulation is a translation technique that is applied by translator to change the point of view consist of using a phrase that is different in the source and
target language to convey the same idea, focus or cognitive.
For example:
ST: Nah, tahunya kamu sudah pinter merokok. TT: Looks like he knew how to smoke all along.
It is dialogue of uncle to Soedarsono about smoking. Based on the example, the translator employs modulation translation technique. The word kamu in the
source text used by uncle to address Soedarsono is translated into he who refers to Soedarsono in the target text. It is translated by changing the point of view in the
target text. The word kamu is categorized into the second personal pronoun, while the word he is categorized into the third personal pronoun.
n. Particularization
Particularization is a translation technique that is applied by translator to use a more precise or concrete term. For example, the word dokar is translated into land
transportation. In the example above, the translator uses particularization technique to
translate dokar into land transportation. Dokar is one of the land transportations. Dokar
only use by Indonesian people, so the translator tries to understand about the dokar is.
o. Reduction
