Calque Compensation Description Discursive Creation

d. Calque

Calque is a technique of translation that is applied by translator to translate words or phrases from another language while translating its components so as to create a new lexeme in the target language. For example: ST: Pencakar langit TT: Sky-scraper Based on the example above, the translator employs calque technique to translate the word pencakar langit into the word sky-scraper. The example means create a new lexeme, so it has the difference between the literal translation technique that is translated word-for-word.

e. Compensation

Compensation is a translation technique that is applied by translator to introduce ST element of information or stylistic affect in another place in the TT. Meanwhile, compensation cannot be reflected in the same place as in the source text. For example: ST: caping TT: a broad conical hat Based on the example above, caping is translated into a broad conical hat. In the English word, a hat has same meaning about parts of clothes. Meanwhile, in Indonesian caping and hat have different meanings. The word caping is parts of traditional equipment.

f. Description

Description is a translation technique that is applied by translator to describe its form orand function. For example, ST: Pendopo TT: The open sided audience hall where regents used to meet the kabupaten’s assembled dignitaries. Based on the example above, the translator uses description technique. The translator translates pendopo and gives some information or detail about the meaning of pendopo. The word pendopo is Indonesian word, so the translator maintains the culture on the novel.

g. Discursive Creation

Discursive creation is a translation technique that is applied by translator to establish a temporary equivalence that is totally unpredictable out of context. For example, ST: Para Priyayi TT: Javanese Gentry Based on the example above, the translator translates the word Para Priyayi into Javanese Gentry. The word priyayi means a great Javanese man, so the translator translates Para Priyayi into Javanese Gentry.

h. Established Equivalent