D. Techniques of Data Analysis
In this research, the data were analyzed qualitatively. The technique of data analysis as follow:
a. The researcher analyzed the data in order to know the type of address terms. Types of address terms are coded:
P : Pronouns K : Kinship Terms
T : Titles N : Names
b. The researcher analyzed the data of the translation techniques. Translation techniques are coded based on:
Bor : Borrowing Gen : Generalization
LT : Literal Translation Mod : Modulation
c. The researcher analyzed the using of address term to find out meaning equivalence. The meaning equivalence are coded based on:
i. Equivalent 1 Fully Equivalent Meaning: Full
2 Partly Equivalent Meaning: Part ii. Non Equivalent
1 Different Meaning : Diff 2 No Meaning : No
d. The result of the research is described in details.
Table 5. Data Sheet
E. Research Instruments
First main instrument is human or the researcher. In the qualitative research, the researcher is a planner, data collector, data interpreter, analyze, and reporter of
the research, description, and findings. Moreover, the researcher applies secondary instruments; she uses two novels; Para Priyayi and their translation.
Those novels use to collect data about types of address terms and techniques of translation. Secondly, she uses a computer to process of the data, collect data,
analyze data, and draw conclusion. Then, the researcher uses references to help and support about her research.
Meanwhile, she collects references by visiting the library and browsing on the internet. She collected references such as books, journals, and thesis. They can
support her thesis. The other instruments are calculator. She uses it to calculate frequency and percentage of Chapter IV Findings and Discussion.
F. Trustworthiness of the Data
According to Lincoln and Guba 1985: 290 trustworthiness is the argument that inquiry’s results are worth paying attention. Establishing trustworthiness
ensures the quality of the findings. A commonly employed technique to enhance trustworthiness is triangulation. There are five types of triangulation:
a. by source: The researcher collects the data from different sources, such as she asks other researcher to support her data.
b. by method: The researcher applies data collection strategies. c. by researcher: The researcherinvolves more than one researcher to analyze
the data. d. by theories: The researcher uses references to support the data.
e. Member checking: the researcher needs member checking to verify findings. She asks three students of English Literature to validate the data.
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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
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