a. Pronouns of Address
There are 11 data categorized into pronouns of address in source text. Meanwhile, there are 17 data categorized into pronouns in target text. Below are
some examples of the data:
7N116N222 ST: Kamu sekarang sudah besar. Sudah enam tahun.
TT: You
’re big now. You’re six. Based on the example above is the dialogue between Embok and Wagé. In
this serious situation, one afternoon after returning from their usual visit to Setenan Road, Embok and Wage were sitting on the bamboo sleeping platform in
the porch of their house in Wanawalas. Embok gave a hug and stroked Wage’s
hair. She tried to explain about crucial something. Wagéshould live with Ndoro Guru in Setenan Road. She wanted him quickly learn how to be clever and be a
scholar. Finally, Wagé nodded and decided to go to Setenan with Ndoro Guru. The word kamu in the source text is used by Embok to address Wagé.
kamuanda is either a second person singular or a second person plural.
Meanwhile, it should be translated as required by a formal form of second person in Indonesian pronominal system but it is considered not very polite to address an
adult reader or listener using kamuanda.
57N1145N2177 ST: Mereka menyarankan agar kau mulai menjajaki orang tuamu.
TT: They suggested you might like to sound out your own people.
Based on the example above is the dialogue between Hardojo and Dik Nunuk. Some days before, Nunuk’s parents asked her to come and have a talk
with them. They wanted to know about how matters stood between Hardojo and Dik Nunuk, whether it was a serious relationship. Then, Dik Nunuk confused
about her parents. She said she got serious relationship with Hardojo and everybody knows. Finally, Hardojo tried to explain that her parents would want to
be certain and suggested she might like to sound out her own people. The word mereka in the source text is used by Hardojo to Dik Nunuk. It is an
address terms in the type third person plural pronoun. As seen in the example above, the word mereka in the source text is used by Hardojo to address Nunuk.
mereka is considered third personal pronoun of the plural form. It is translated
into They in the target text which is also considered personal pronoun of the plural form. The word mereka means they, which to address the addresser at least one
other person.
62N1166N2202 ST: Ya itulah. Tapi, diajuga butuh teman bermain.
TT: Yes, I know, but he does need friends, after all.
Based on the example above is the dialogue between Sadimin and Sumarti. One day, Hari looked at children in surprise, as if he was seeing them like for the
first time; then he gave them a cheerful wave and grin. Suddenly, Sadimin was shocked and immediatel
y objected: Hari’s parents will be angry if he invites a lot of scruffy kampong children in their house. Then, Hari let them in. He thought
they did not have any fruit trees where they are. Without further ado, the children
entered and began climbing all over the tree: and Sadimin soon afterwards came to report this strange transgression to Sumarti. He just worried about the attitude
of kampong children. They probably seldom got a bath and might have scabies and those white blotches of fungus all over their bodies. Finally, she just answers
her child does need friends after all. The word dia in the source text is used by Sadimin to Sumantri. It is an
address terms in the type third person singular pronoun. In English, it is clear that he him refers to male person and she her refers to female person but this is not
the case for Indonesian pronoun system.
b. Kinship Terms
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