8
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Theoretical Review 1. Translation
a. Notions of Translation
Translation is a phenomenon that has most effect on everyday life. There are many notions of translation that are proposed by scholars. They have different
ways or opinions to define translation. As defined by Lilova 1985:33, translation is a specific oral or written activity aimed at recreation of an oral or
written text utterance existing in one language into a text in another language, accompanied by keeping the invariance of content, qualities of the original and
author’s authenticity. Munday 2001:5 defines that translation has several meanings: it can refer
to the generalsubject field, the product the text that has been translated or the process the act of producing the translation, otherwise known as translating.
Theprocess of translation between two different written languages involves thetranslator changes an original written text the source text or ST in theoriginal
verbal language the source language or SL into a written textthe target text or TT in a different verbal language the target language orTL. Lilova and Munday
have the same concept about notion of translation. They define that translation is a process about oral and written. The translator changes into different language.
Meanwhile, Bell 1991: 5-6 defines that translation is the expression in another language or the target language of what has been expressed in another,
source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalence. Catford 1965:20 stated that translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual
material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL. The use of
the term “textual material” related to equivalent. Equivalent means a central point of translation to find and define about the nature and
condition of translation equivalence.From the explanation about the notion of translation by some experts, it can be concluded that translation is a process of
changing and recreation of original text or source language to target language that maintain the equivalence, qualities, and the author’s authenticity.
b. Types of Translation
Kategori