ST: Nah, tahunya kamu sudah pinter merokok. TT: Looks like he knew how to smoke all along.
The example above is considered different meaning. It could be seen of the translator translates from source text into target text with different meaning and
concept.
ii. No Meaning
No meaning occurs when the source text does not translate into target text. For example:
ST:Pergi, Mbok? Kita akanpergi? TT: Leave, Mbok? Are we going to leave?
The datum above is the dialogue betweenEmbok and Wagé.Based on the example above; the translator translates Mbok to Mbok. Mbok means mother. The
example above is considered no meaning translation. It is said so since the address term in the source text is not translated in the target text. The translator does not
consider the English, but only translates the Bahasa Indonesia.
5. Para Priyayi
Umar Kayam is the one of the authors who writes the novel with local language and Indonesian language in it. At the time, he wrote Para Priyayi, he
was the Director of Gadjah Mada University’s Center for Cultural Studies and a senior professor in the School of Letters. The novel was published in 1992. The
novel of Para Priyayi, is translated into English version, Javanese Gentry by Vladislav Zhukov. He was an experienced translator whose publications include a
verse rendering of Vietnamese epic Kim Vân Kieu. He has degrees in languages
and Asian Studies, and was a student at Gadjah Mada University in 1992, the year Para Priyayi
was published, and while Professor Kayam taught there at the School of Letters.
Novel of Para Priyayi tells about theindispensability of literacy to any peasant villager seeking to escape the miseries of their class and achieve familial
betterment by rising into higher of colonial Java’s essentially two-tier society.
This novel has aim to present a social-scientific study of the Javanese in the late colonial and modernizing period. Meanwhile, among his works are a collection of
short stories set in Manhattan 1972, two novellas 1975 and a volume of journal columns 1990.
6. Related Study
The researcher finds two previous studies which are related to this research. The first research was done by Chandra Nila Fitriani 2014. The researcher
analyzed the address terms in Negeri Lima Menara novel. She formulates this research into three points, the first point is analyzed of types of address terms in
the novel, the second point is analyzed of translation techniques that are used by translator, and the last point is meaning equivalence.
She employs the following theories such as notion translation by some experts, types of translation, process of translation, techniques of translation by
Molina and Albir 2002: 509-511; they are divided into 18 techniques Adaptation, amplification, borrowing, calque, compensation, description,
discursive creation, established equivalent, generalization, linguisticamplification, linguistic compression, literal translation, modulation, particularization, reduction,
substitution, transposition, and variation. In addition, type of address terms pronouns, kinships, titles, and names, and meaning equivalence by Bell 1991:
6. In the result, there is another type of address terms which is categorized as
unrealized terms since the address term in the source text is not translated in the target text. Meanwhile, the type of address terms which is mostly used in this
research is titles. Then, the translator mostly uses borrowing technique to maintain the value and culture of the novel. The result of discussion between the researcher
and the respondent about meaning of equivalence, this research mostly used fully equivalent meaning.
The second research was done by Hanifah 2010, she formulates three points. They are types of the translation variation of English second person
address, the translation techniques, and the translation quality of second person address in terms of accuracy and acceptability. The researcher uses these theories,
notion of translation by some experts, types of translation, problem in translation by Nababan 1999: 54-60, language varieties. Then, the translator focuses on 4
types of address terms pronouns, kinships, titles, and names. Meanwhile, the researcher uses the translation techniques by Molina and Albir 2002: 509-511.
They divided into 18 techniques, but the researcher only focuses on four types borrowing, omission, transposition, literal translation, and adaptation. The last,
the researcher uses the theory of translation quality. It is divided into two types, accuracy and acceptability.
Based on the result, types of translation variation found in the novel Power- Crazy Ms Wiz
are address terms in the form of pronouns, kinships, names, and titles. Mostly used is pronoun. Then, the translation techniques employed by the
translator to translate address terms in the novel Power-Crazy Ms Wiz are borrowing, omission, transposition, literal translation, and adaptation. The most
frequently used is literal translation. In addition, the result of accuracy and acceptability measurement, the translation of the novel Power-Crazy Ms Wiz is
accurate and acceptable.
B. Conceptual Framework
This research adopts the notion of translation that the translation is a specific oral and written activity aimed at recreation of an oral and written text utterance
existing in one language into a text in another language, accompanied by keeping the inv
ariance of content, qualities of the original and author’s authenticity. This research focused on address terms used in Para Priyayi and their expressed in
Javanese Gentry . Specifically, the researcher wants to describe the most dominant
types of address t erms are found in Umar Kayam’s Para Priyayi novel and their
translated expressions in Vladislav Zhukov’s Javanese Gentry novel. Besides, the researcher also tries to describe the techniques of translation
applied by the translator in translating address te rms in Umar Kayam’s Para
Priyayi novel and their translated expressions in Vladislav Zhukov’s Javanese
Gentry novel. Then, the researcher describes about the meaning equivalence of the
translation of address terms in Umar Kayam’s Para Priyayi novel and their translated expressions in Vladislav Zhukov’s Javanese Gentry novel.
