The first types of phonemes are nasals m and n. By identifying the data, the stop can be deleted if they are preceded or followed by nasals. In this respect,
the nasal n follows stops like d Dneper, g gnarled, foreigner, align, p pneumonia, k knock, unknown, and m mnemonic. The cluster n plus a
stop take place in the initial position except for gn cluster where it may appear in the initial, intermediate, and final position. Meanwhile, the nasal m precedes a
stop like b beachcomber, bomb or n autumn.
The second type of phoneme is the oral stop t. It is found in the b-deletion
debt, doubtful, d-deletion Schmidt, and p-deletion pterodactyl. The t is
observed in the second sequence of cluster after the stop that is deleted. Specifically, these consonants have more or less similar features in terms of
manner of articulation stop. Also, in terms of place features, they can be categorized as anterior. In this sense, the cluster can be found in the initial
position, intermediate, as well as in the final position of the word. The third kinds of phonemes are fricatives h, f, and s. These fricatives
are basically closely related in terms of place feature [+anterior] and [+continuant]. Likewise, they occur in the second sequence of the cluster after the
stop. The phoneme h follows the stop of g Callaghan, the f follows the stop of p pfennig, and the s follows the stop of p pseudo.
The fourth phoneme that follows a stop in the deletion is the approximant
l. It is found in g-deletion like Cagliari, Cagliostro, and Dallaglio. In this sense,
they are classified as loan words from Italian. This cluster is mainly discovered in the intermediate position of the word. Moreover there is also a sequence of three-
consonant clusters containing the l that is the cluster stl. Here, the t is deleted
and it is preceded by fricative s. The examples are on the words mistletoe, castle, and gristly. In this sense, this cluster is found in the intermediate and final
position.
b. The Influence of Stress Assignment Non-segmental Features
The influence of stress assignment can be noted particularly on the non- permanent deletion where the deletion may occur or not occur in some condition.
This factor is really counted especially for the deletion in non-initial position of the word deletion according to position, see Appendix 3. The examples are in the
derived words from the root sign i.e. assign, assignable, assignment, designer, resign, and resignedly
. From the sight of non-segmental feature, it can be observed that those words have a primary stress on the syllable that underwent the
deletion such as in assign ə ˈsaɪn, assignable ə ˈsaɪn əb əl, assignment ə ˈsaɪn
m
ənt, designer, di ˈzaɪn ə and resign ri ˈzaɪn, and resignedly ri ˈzaɪn d li
If they are compared with the derived words from the same root sign that do not undergo deletion i.e. assignat, assignation, designate, designation,
designator, and resignation , it can be distinguished that the intended syllable
does not have such a stress. In the extent of stressed syllable, the words assignat
ˈæ sɪɡ næt, assignation ˌæ sɪɡ ˈne ʃ ən, designate ˈde zɪɡ ne t, designation ˌde zɪɡ ˈne ʃ ən, designator ˈde zɪɡ ne t ə, and resignation ˌre zɪɡ ˈne ʃ ən
have no stress in the intended syllable. Instead, the primary or secondary stress is on the preceding syllable where the g is pronounced.
Nonetheless, this influence is not the accurate factor for all occurrences of
the stop deletions. For instances, in the words assignee ˌæ saɪ ˈni and ensign ˈen
sa ɪn, even though the stress is not in the intended syllable but they still have the
stop g deletion. However, this factor may be one of the consideration or judgment in settling on the case of deletion in a word.
c. Other Observed Phonological Phenomena besides Deletion
