Permanent Condition in Other Derived Words

1. Permanent Deletion

The first type of deletion is permanent deletion. It can be stated as the deletion that applies permanently for the stop in a word. That is, it does not appear in other derived-words. It is due to the phonotactic idealization or adaptation that has been applied for the consonant as the impact of the orthographical system and the permissible sequence of English phonology. Based on the observation of the study, there are at least three characteristics that can be made for permanent deletion. Firstly, it occurs in permanent condition. Secondly, it is not affected by the position of the syllable boundary. Thirdly, the deletion does not rely on particular area of speech. In this sense, there are at least 485 words of permanent deletion. It contains nearly all b-deletion 109 words of 112 total words, p-deletion 111 words of total 116 words, k-deletion 96 words of total 97 words, m-deletion all 2 words, and some d-deletion 9 words of total 16 words, g-deletion 105 words of total 136 words, t- 51 words of total 93 words, and n-deletion 2 words of total 9 words. The discussion of the permanent deletion will be made with regard to the characteristics of the deletion mentioned earlier. They are discussed as follows.

a. Permanent Condition in Other Derived Words

Permanent deletion can be stated as the deletion that occurs in permanent condition. In this respect, the deletion arises in all derived words of the same root. The examples are on b-deletion, k-deletion, and t-deletion. They can be observed from Table 7 below. Table 7. Examples of Permanent Deletion in the same Derived-Words Root and Its Derived-Words b- de letion appli ed fr om the sa me de rived wo rds b-deletion Root bomb b m comb k əʊm doubt da ʊt lamb læm thumb θʌm Derived Words bomber ˈb m ə comber ˈkəʊmə doubter ˈdaʊtə lambkin ˈlæm k n thumbnail ˈθʌmne əl bomblet ˈb mlət combover ˈkəʊmˌəʊvə doubtful ˈdaʊtfəl lamblike ˈlæmla k thumbprint ˈθʌmpr nt bombproof ˈb mpruːf toothcomb ˈtuːθkəʊm doubtless ˈdaʊtləs lambskin ˈlæmsk n thumbscrew ˈθʌmskruː bombshell ˈb mʃel redoubt ri ˈdaʊt lambswool ˈlæmzwʊl thumbtack ˈθʌmtæk bombsight ˈb msa t redoubtable riˈdaʊtəbəl bombsite ˈb msa t undoubted ʌnˈdaʊt d firebomb ˈfa ‿əb m mailbomb ˈme əlb m k-deletion t-deletion li st of othe r de rived -wo rds k -de letion a nd t- de leti on Root k nock n k k now n əʊ k not n t listen ˈl s ən bristle ˈbr səl Derived Words antiknock ˌæntiˈn k k nowable ˈnəʊəbəl k notgrass ˈn tɡr ːs listenable ˈl sən‿əbəl bristletail ˈbr səlte əl doorknocker ˈdɔːˌn kə k nowing ˈnəʊ ŋ k nothole ˈn thəʊl listener ˈl sən‿ə bristly ˈbr səl‿i k nockabout ˈn kəˌbaʊt k nown n əʊn k notty ˈn ti k nockback ˈn kbæk unbeknown ˌʌnbiˈnəʊn slipknot ˈsl pn t k nockdown ˈn k daʊn unbeknownst ˌʌnbiˈnəʊntst topknot ˈt pn t k nocker ˈn kə unknowable ˌʌnˈnəʊəbəl unknot ˌʌnˈn t k nockoff ˈn k f unknowing ˌʌnˈnəʊ ŋ k nockout ˈn kaʊt unknown ˌʌn ˈnəʊn On the previous table, it can be seen that the b-, k-, and t-deletion have some forms from the same root where the deletion consistently occurs in the all derived- words. For example, from the same root bomb, all derived words of this root have b-deletion on it. They are bomber, bomblet, bombproof, bombshell, bombsight, bombsite, firebomb and mailbomb where all b from the words is deleted. Likewise, the b-deletion occurs in the same derived words of the root comb, doubt, lamb, and thumb. Furthermore, the analysis of the k-deletion and the t-deletion also show the same findings. The words knock n k, known əʊ, and knot n t have the letter silencing for k in all their derived words. Similarly, t-deletion has listen ˈl s ən and bristle ˈbr səl as examples where all t of the letter is silent. In this point, it can be recognized that all derived words from the same root presented above have all deletion for the stop in the consonant cluster. In addition, not only for the derived-words, the deletion is applied for the inflection the stem + affix. For example, in the words bombs, bombed, bombing, the b deleted. Hence, this permanent condition can be stated as the foremost characteristic of permanent deletion.

b. Permanent Condition in the Syllable Morpheme Boundary