stop g deletion. However, this factor may be one of the consideration or judgment in settling on the case of deletion in a word.
c. Other Observed Phonological Phenomena besides Deletion
This point notes the change that occurs in the deletion. Typically, the deletion that occurs in stop deletion is a complete deletion without anything else.
This means that the deletion happens without the other case follows the occurrence of the deletion. To restate, the stop is barely deleted in the consonant
cluster. It happens in all deletions of b-deletion, d-deletion, g-deletion, p-deletion, t-deletion, k-deletion, m-deletion, and n-deletion. The example is like in the word
bdellium
ˈdel i‿əm. The b is deleted so the sound which is pronounced is the
next sound d. Another example is on the word bomb b m where the b is
deleted and resulted in the m as the coda in the cluster. However, there is a case where this deletion is also followed by the other
incidents before, in or after the deletion. There are three events that can be noted. The first case is the insertion of j, especially on g-deletion. The examples are in
the words like beignet ˈbe n je , lasagna ləˈzæn jə, mignonette ˌmiːn jə ˈnet,
and vignette v
n ˈjet. In this extent, after the deletion, the next sound is followed by semivowel j. In this case, it is typically the word that is a loan word from
Italian like in lasagna or French like in beignet. There is also the j that precedes the cluster such as in the words impugn
m ˈpjuːn and oppugn ə ˈpjuːn.
The second case is the vowel shift from the lax vowel into diphthong a . This incidence also happens in the g-deletion, particularly in non-permanent
deletion as the words design, malign, paradigm, and sign. This phenomenon will
be more easily visible if it is compared to its derived words where the deletion does not apply. The observation can be seen in Table 16 below.
Table 16. The Occurrence of Vowel Shift in g-deletion
Deletion Not Applied Deletion Applied
designation design
di ˈza n malignancy
malign
m ə ˈlaɪn
paradigmatic paradigm
ˈpær ə da m signal
sign sa n
From the above table, it can be seen that the vowel turns into the diphthong a when the g is deleted. The vowel is observed in the words
designation, malignancy, paradigmatic, and signal. However the becomes a
when the deletion is applied on the words design, malign, paradigm, and signal. The third case is on t-deletion like in the words such as castle
ˈk ːs əl,
hustle ˈhʌs əl, mistle ˈm s əl, pestle ˈpes əl, rustle ˈrʌs əl, and wrestle ˈres
əl. In this respect, on the t-deletion there is an insertion of schwa ə between s and l. This may correspond to the etymology of the words where they are
initially written as castel Middle English, hutselen Middle Dutch, mistel Middle English, pestel Middle English, rustelen Middle English, and
wrestlen Middle English where the spelling -e shows the occurrence of the
vowel which exists in the ‘past’ cluster.
d. Relation to the Phonotactic Idealization
