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D. Research Instruments
The researcher had two main research instruments for this study. The two research instruments in this study were interview and questionnaire.
1. Interview
Interview is an interactional relationship; both informant and interviewer are engaged in ongoing process of making meaning Kvale, 1996. The interview
was conducted by the researcher in order to get some information from the English teacher of SMK Kanisius 1 Pakem. The information was about the
students ’ difficulties in learning English, the needs of student, and also the
students’ interest about English subject.
2. Questionnaire
Questionnaires are often used in the field of educational planning to collect information about various aspects of school systems. Questionnaire is a written or
printed form used in gathering information on some subject or subjects consisting of a list of questions to be submitted to one or more persons. According to Key
1997, questionnaire is a means of eliciting the feelings, beliefs, experiences, perceptions, or attitudes of some sample of individuals. As a data collecting
instrument, it could be structured or unstructured. There were two types of questionnaire which were used in this study. The
two types were pre-design questionnaire and post design questionnaire. Pre-design questionnaire was distributed to the first grade students. This questionnaire was
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needed to gain some information about the students’ opinion, need and interest
about the English integrated materials. Then, there was also post-design questionnaire which was needed by the researcher for this study. The post-design
questionnaire was distributed to English teacher of SMK Kanisius 1 Pakem and the ELESP English Language Education Study Program lecturer. The post-
designed questionnaire was distributed after designing and developing the materials. The post-design questionnaire was needed to get opinion and feedback
about the materials. The designed materials were checked by the English teacher and ELESP lecturer whether the materials were acceptable or not to be developed.
Based on the result of post-design questionnaire, the researcher could revise and improve the materials.
The form of the questionnaire is divided into open-ended question and close-ended question. According to Key 1997, an open-ended question is
designed to encourage a full, meaningful answer using the subjects own knowledge andor feelings. It is the opposite of a closed-ended question, which
encourages a short or single-word answer. Closed-ended
or “closed question” is a question for which a researcher provides a suitable list of responses e.g. Yes
No. This produces mainly quantitative data. Open-ended
or “open question” is a question where the researcher doesn’t provide the respondent with a set answer
from which to choose. Rather, the respondent is asked to answer in their own
words. This produces mainly qualitative data. Through this study the researcher
uses both of them in order to gain full information from the participants.
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In this study, the researcher created closed-ended questions for pre-design questionnaire. The prepared questionnaire had compiled points which were related
to integrated skill, students’ interest of English subject, Communicative Language Teaching CLT, and Curriculum 2013. Those related points must be effective in
answering the research problems. Then, the researcher also designed open-ended questions for the questionnaire of evaluation. The researcher could gain more
information, feedback, and suggestion after gaining the answer of open-ended questionnaire.
E. Data Gathering Techniques
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