14
2. Integrated Skill
S ince this study aimed to design a set of integrated materials, the
information of integrated skills are much needed. In this part, the researcher divides the discussion into three main subtitles. They are about the definition, the
principles, and the goals of integrated skills.
a. Definition of Integrated Skill
The researcher is intended to design a set of integrated materials. In this study, the researcher integrates the four skills; they are listening, speaking,
reading and writing skills. Therefore, it is important for the researcher to discuss the theory of integrated skill. According to McNeil 1985: 8, to integrate means
to coordinate, blend, or bring together separate parts into a functioning, unified, and harmonious whole. The integrated skills can be defined as the combination of
two or more skills within a communicative task. It is valuable to integrate the language skills
in order to enhance the students’ in finding new information which is delivered in spoken and written forms. This information can be gained well by
mastering the listening and reading skills. It means that all the aspects of languages are connected and essential to be mastered. This is clear that one skill
can reinforce others.
b. The Principles of Integrated Skill
According to McCloskey 1992: 78, integrated language teaching model has seven basic principles. The seven basic principles are presented as follows.
15
1 The first principle says that language is best learned collaboratively, involving students working with both peers and adults. This principle
means that focusing on integrated process can enable teacher to involve in the student activities. This process must be helpful for the students since
they do need what’s called by guidance, collaboration, and monitoring. 2 The second principle emphasizes learning the language in a socially
supportive environment. This principle is something needed for the second language learners. The students are emphasized to learn English subject in
wide sights which cannot be limited just for classroom activity. They are required to be sensitive with the social circumstances.
3 The third idea puts emphasis on learning the language in a holistic manner, integrated reading, writing, listening, and speaking; and also the
integrating language and content. This is the essence of integrated skill which can surely help the students for mastering English skills in a highly
integrated. Learning English cannot be focused on a single skill. In order to get the knowledge and competence of English, the integrated material
must be delivered. 4 The fourth principle states that language is best learned when new learning
is built upon and takes advantage of students’ previous cultural and learning experiences. Learning English in a highly integrated gives more
advantages for the students to gain many experiences from various activities and materials.
16
5 The fifth principle explains that when teachers develop curriculum around student
s’ interests, successful language learning is achieved. This principle means that integrated skill enables teacher to develop the materials and
curriculum based on the students’ need. In other words, teacher must
provide materials which must be interesting for the students. 6 The sixth principle states that the desired performances of the students are
attained when students feel ownership of classroom projects and experiences. This principle means that integrated skill must be successful
in enhancing the desire and performance of students in studying English subject. They are required to work on projects which are compiled in
integrated material and discussion. 7 On the last principles, the students learn the language when teachers
provide a wide variety of materials, instructional strategies and ways for students to participate. Integrated materials must be able to provide various
activities and materials which can let the students to be involved.
c. The Goal of Integrated Skill
Kategori