topic or topics that are related in some way, such as a factual account of a newsworthy event. The next characteristic deals with the writer of the news
articles. Pape and Featherstone 2005 argued that a good news article is the one written by a writer who is objective and shows all sides to an issue. Last, a news
article can be considered as well-written if its sources are identified and are reliable.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
Based on the previous subchapters, some conclusions can be made. Firstly, in terms of translation, the writer can define that a translation is basically an activity
of transferring meaning of the source language text by the closest natural equivalent target language text. There are some kinds of translation namely form-
based, meaning-based, full, partial, total, restricted, bounded, and unbounded translations. However, the goal of a translator is an idiomatic translation.
In addition to the definition and kinds of translation, there are also some steps and ways in which a translation can be done and tested. In doing a
translation project, a translators need to do the seven steps such as establishing the project, exegesis, transfer and initial draft, evaluation, revised draft, consultation,
and final draft. Meanwhile, in order to know whether or not a translator has succeeded in producing a good quality translation, there are some tests could be
done, such as comparison with the source language, back-translation, comprehension checks, naturalness and readability testing, and consistency
checks. 27
The problems in translating also become another subject matter of this research. Those problems are about the difficulties in finding word, above word,
grammatical, textual, and pragmatic equivalence. In this research, we will deal only with the equivalence at word and above word levels. Some common
problems in finding word and above word equivalence are about culture-specific concepts, the source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language,
differences in form, marked collocations in the source text, and so on. The last subject matter of this research is about news articles. News
articles are articles published in a print or internet news medium such as a newspaper, newsletter, news magazine, news-oriented website, or article directory
that discusses current or recent news of either general interest or on a specific topic. A news article commonly has at least four elements namely headline, lead,
body, and conclusion. A news article is considered to be well-written if its topic is well defined, the writer is objective, and its sources are identified and reliable.
CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
In this chapter, the method of investigation of this study would be discussed. It includes research approach, object of the study, role of the researcher, type of
data, procedures of collecting data, and procedures of analyzing data.
3.1 Research Approach
