b. Classification of Students’ Learning Activities
Paul B. Dierich on Sardiman, 2004: 101, classifying the students ’
learning activities as follows: 1
Visual activity Reading,
viewing pictures,
watching experiments,
demonstrations, exhibitions, and watching other people work and play.
2 Oral activity
Suggests a fact or principle, connect an event, ask questions, make suggestions, give an opinions, interviews, discussions and
interruptions. 3
Listening activity Listening to the presentation of the material, listening to
conversations or group discussions, listening to a game, listening to the radio.
4 Writing activity
Write a story, write a report, check the composition, the ingredients, make a summary, doing the tests and completed
questionnaires. 5
Drawing activity Draw, make a chart, diagrams, maps and pattern.
6 Metrics activity
Conducting the experiment, selecting tools, implementing exhibitions, model making, organizing games, dancing and
gardening. 7
Mental activity Reflect, remember, solve problems, analyze the factors, see
relationships and make decisions. 8
Emotional activity Interest, differentiate, brave, calm and others.
c. Indicator of Students’ Learning Activities
According to Nana Sudjana 1991: 11-12, students’ learning
activities can be seen from: 1
The students’ learning activities on an individual basis for the implementation of concept, principles, and generalizations.
2 The students’ learning activities in group to solve problems.
3 The participation of students in carrying out the task in various
ways. 4
The courage of the students to express their opinion. 5
The students’ learning activities of analysis, synthesis, evaluation and conclusion.
6 The existence of social relationships among students in performing
learning activities.
7 Every students able to comment and provide feedback to the other
students’ opinions. 8
There are opportunity for each student to use various learning resources.
9 An attempt for each student to assess the learning outcomes
achieved. 10
An attempt of the students to ask the teacher or ask for teachers’opinion.
d. How To Improve Students’ Learning Activities
Dimyati and Mudjiono 2009: 62-63 state that teachers can do some ways to make the students active in learning as follows:
1
Use more than one method and multimedia.
2 Give task individually or in a group.
3 Give chance to the students to do experiment in a small group.
4 Give task to read the materials, write unclear things.
5
Hold question and answer session, and discussion. 3.
Cooperative Learning Method a.
Definition of Cooperative Learning
Cooperative Learning implies basically as an attitude or behavior in work or helping among others in the group structure, which consists
of two or more people work where success is strongly influenced by the involvement of each member of the group itself Solihatin Raharjo,
2007: 15.
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