Slave movie text. The scopes of this research are the realized and the unrealized expressions sentence level.
Formulation of the problems: 1.
What types of translation techniques can be identified from the source text 12 Years A Slave movie text into the Bahasa Indonesia ‘12 Years A Slave’ movie
text? 2.
How are the realizations of sentences in the source text 12 Years A Slave movie text represented in the target text?
3. To what extent are the expressions in the target text equivalent in meaning with
the expressions in the source text?
C. Objective of the Research
The objective of the research is to analyze the meaning and sentence realization variations of the English – bahasa Indonesia “12 Years A Slave” movie texts.
D. Significance of the Research
1. Theoretical Benefits
From this research, the researcher and the readers who have the same interesting in the same field can get more benefit. This research concerned to
the language translation competence for translator especially about realization in the process of translation in a subtitling field.
2. Practical Benefits
This research also provides the supporting information for the viewer and the researcher expects that it could help the viewers of the movie and the readers
of this research report get more information about the topic under discussion.
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Theoretical Review
1. Translation
a. Notions of Translation
Translation theorists give different definitions about translation. It is because they have their own perspectives in translation. According to Meethem
and Hudson in Bell 1991: 6, translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language. Besides, Nida 1982: 1 mentions that translation
consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of
style. Similar definition is also mentioned by Dubois in Bell 1991: 5, he defines translation as the expression in another language of what has been expressed in
the source language preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences. In spite of differences, common features are shared by the definitions. There
are obligations to find “equivalents” which “preserve” features of the original text as close as possible in the translated text.
According to Brislin 1961: 1 he defines translation as general terms referring to the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one language SL to another
language TL, whether the languages are in written or oral forms. Whether the languages are established orthographies or do not have such standardizations or
whether one or both languages is based on signs, as with sign languages of the
deaf.
Contrasting through Nida and Taber 1996: 12 that explicitly giving the idea about translation as a definition as process, in case translating consist of
reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source- language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.
The various views, opinions and definition from the experts can complete each other. The equivalent meaning when the translator doing translating is
important, therefore the translator should pay attention to the content and style of both languages SL and TL.
b. Types of Translation
Jakobson, in article entitled ‘On Linguistic Aspects of Translation’ in McGuire, 1991: 14 states that there are 3 types of translation:
1 Intralingual translation or rewarding is an interpretation of verbal signs by
means of other signs of the same language.
2 Interlingual translation or translation proper is an interpretation of verbal
signs by means of some other language.
3 Intersemiotic translation or transmutation is an interpretation of verbal signs
by means of nonverbal sign systems or vice versa.
Intralingual translation has the same meaning in one language and also called monolingual translation, paraphrasing a poem in the same language and
simplifying a novel can be defined as an intralingual translation process. In interlingual translation there are two or more languages involved while there is
only one language involved in intralingual translation. This kind of translation process which is done the most often by the translator, like translated a book,
novel and dubbing the movies. Different from interlingual and intralingual
