and the students reconstruct the text with the group, then discuss and compare the text with other groups in the class.
2. Students‟ analytical exposition writing ability is the ability of the students to
produce a text which elaborates writer‟s idea about something or phenomenon
surrounding based on their knowledge which fulfills the criteria of a good writing including content, organization, vocabulary, language, and mechanics.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
1. Population
According to Margono, population is all the data that concern us in the scope and the time we set.
9
Population is all cases, situations or individuals which share one or more characteristics.
10
Population is overall subject of research. Population is a region consisting of generalization ; objects or subjects who have certain qualities and
characteristic that set by the researcher to learn and then draw conclusion.
11
The population is the group of interest to the resesarcher, the group to which she would like the result of the study to be generalized. The population of this research is
the first semester of the eleventh grade of SMA Karya Mataram. The total population can be seen in this table below:
9
Margono,
Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan
Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2010, p.118
10
Suharsimi Arikunto,
Op.Cit
, p.130
11
Sugiyono,
Op.Cit
, p.80
Table 2 Population of the Students at the First Semester of Eleventh Grade of
SMA Karya Mataram South Lampung in the Academic Year of 20162017
No Class
Male Female
Total
1 XI IPA 1
9 16
25 2
XI IPA 2 13
11 24
3 XI IPA 3
10 14
24 4
XI IPS 1 14
9 23
Total 96
Source: SMA Karya Mataram 20162017 academic years
2. Sample
A sampe is a small proportion of population selected for observation and analysis.
12
It means that sample is part of individual members which is chosen to represent of the
whole population. Based on the definition above, the reasearcher took two classes as the sample of the research, XI IPA 2 was a control class and XI IPA 1 was an
experimental class.
3. Sampling technique
In this research, the researcher used cluster random sampling. Fraenkel and Wallen state that the selection of groups, or clusters, of subjects rather than individuals is
known as cluster random sampling.
13
The researcher used this sampling because all the classes were homogeneous and she took two classes. One class was as control
12
John W.Best and James V. Kahn,
Research in Education
8th Ed Needham Heights:Allyn Bacon, 1998, p.13
13
Ibid,
p.95
