which other variables acted if there is any relationship. The independent variable X selected by the researcher to determine the relationship with the dependent variable.
6
Thus, the variables in this research are : 1.
Independent variable X is variable selected by the researcher to determine their affect on relationship with the dependent variable.
7
Independent variable in this research is Dictogloss technique.
2. Dependent variable Y is observed to determine what affect, if any the other
type of variables may have on it.
8
Dependent variable in this research is students‟ writing analytical exposition text.
C. Operational Definition of Variable
The operational definition of variable is to describe the characters of variables which are used in this research to avoid misconception of variables presented in this
research. It also aims at other the research has clarity about the data needed, so the researcher investigated the data that have related with the variables of this research.
The operational definition of the variables of this research as follows: 1.
Dictogloss technique is a technique in teaching writing by asking the students individually hear and make notes about the topic from the teacher read to them,
6
Suharsimi Arikunto,
Prosedur Penelitian Pendekatan Praktik
Jakarta:Rineka Cipta, 2010, p.162
7
Sugiyono,
Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan RD
Bandung:Alfabete, 2012, p.39
8
Ibid
and the students reconstruct the text with the group, then discuss and compare the text with other groups in the class.
2. Students‟ analytical exposition writing ability is the ability of the students to
produce a text which elaborates writer‟s idea about something or phenomenon
surrounding based on their knowledge which fulfills the criteria of a good writing including content, organization, vocabulary, language, and mechanics.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
1. Population
According to Margono, population is all the data that concern us in the scope and the time we set.
9
Population is all cases, situations or individuals which share one or more characteristics.
10
Population is overall subject of research. Population is a region consisting of generalization ; objects or subjects who have certain qualities and
characteristic that set by the researcher to learn and then draw conclusion.
11
The population is the group of interest to the resesarcher, the group to which she would like the result of the study to be generalized. The population of this research is
the first semester of the eleventh grade of SMA Karya Mataram. The total population can be seen in this table below:
9
Margono,
Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan
Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2010, p.118
10
Suharsimi Arikunto,
Op.Cit
, p.130
11
Sugiyono,
Op.Cit
, p.80
