L. Hypothesis
Based on those frame of theories and thinking, the researcher formulates the
hypotheses as follows:
Ho : There is no significant influence of using Dictogloss Technique towards students‟ writing ability in analytical exposition at the first semester of the
eleventh grade of SMA Karya Mataram in the Academic Year of 2062017. Ha : There is a significant influence of using Dictogloss Technique
towards students‟ writing ability in analytical exposition at the first semester of the eleventh grade
of SMA Karya Mataram in the Academic Year of 20162017.
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
In conducting this research the researcher applied experimental design because in order to know the influence of using dictogloss technique toward student‟s analytical
exposition text writing ability. Experimental design is the general plan for carrying out a study with an active independent variable.
1
In this research, the researcher used quasi experimental research design, quasi-experiments include assigment, but not
random assignment of participants to groups. This is because the experimenter can not artificially create groups for experiment.
2
In this research, the researcher used two classes of students that consists of one class as the experimental class and another
class as the control class. According to Ary et.al., who state that variety of quasi experimental designs, which
can be divided into two main categories, there are pretest, posttest, and posttest-only.
3
The researcher used pre-test and post-test. The researcher applied the pre-test and
post-test design approach to a quasi-experimental design.
1
Donal Ary, Cheser Jacobs, and Chris Sorensen, 8th Edition,
Introduction to Research in Education
Canada:Wadsworth Cengange Learning, 2010, p.301
2
John W.Creswell, 4th Edition,
Education Research
Boston:Pearson Education, 2008, p.309
3
Donald Ary et.al.,
Op.Cit
, p.307
The research design can be presented as follows:
4
G1 = experimental class G2 = control class
T1 = pretest T2 = posttest
X = treatment using dictogloss technique. O = the free writing technique.
B. Variable of the Research
According to Nunan, a great deal of research is carried out in order to explore the strenght of relationships between variables. A variable, as a term itself suggests, is
anything which does not remain constant. It may differ among individuals and change overtime.
5
It means that variable is a variation object of the study. Variable is the object of research or something that become the concern of research.
Arikunto states there are two types of variables : dependent variable and independet
variable. The dependent variable Y is the focus of variable or the central variable on
4
Ag. Bambang Setiyadi,
Metode Penelitian untuk Pengajaran Bahasa Asing
, Yogyakarta:Graha Ilmu, 2006, p. 143
5
David Nunan,
Research Method in Learning
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 19920, P. 24-25
G1 = T1 X
T2 G2 = T1
O T2
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