62 needs esteem need from others where he expects his high status and reputation as
successful and rich person will be admitted by others. He is not only obsessed of getting more wealth, but also of accomplishing
his mission in winning his love back. He is challenged for doing that since the plans used are not easy and also apply sophisticated techniques. Thus, he thinks
he must totally complete and achieve his mission. after he kills a girl named Olivia and he wants to get another victim, his adrenaline fills hi blood, his heart
beats faster, and he is excited and happy p. 43. That means he is ready to get his next plan. It indicates that he needs to prove his capability to bring about what he
desires can be carried out successfully. Igor’s need to show that he is capable of completing his mission successfully belongs to the esteem need of self-esteem, in
which it involves achievement in getting what he wants.
2. The Type of Manic Depressive Disorder
This part deals with the kind of manic-depressive disorder that is experienced by Igor as the major character in the novel. Since Igor experiences
mania mixed depression as told in the novel, thus, it is necessary to discuss that kind of mania and depression in advance. The kind of manic-depressive disorder
can be studied separately as follows:
a. Manic Type
Coleman 1976 states that manic types are characterized by variety degrees of elation and psychomotor overactivity p. 341. The type varies from the
mildest level to the extreme one. Here, Igor experiences the mildest level since in
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63 the story he shows and performs the characteristics of that level. Furthermore,
hypomania is the name given to address this mildest level of manic type. The characteristics shown are:
1 Inconsistency
Coleman states inconsistency as one symptom of hypomania type p. 341. Someone who suffers from this kind of mental disorder is usually not consistent
for what he has thought and done. On one side, he may think that he always does everything in good way, but on another side, he feels guilty and thinks that he has
done everything badly. For one case, it happens after Igor kills his first victim, Olivia. In the beginning, he extremely feels great and happy because he has
completed one of his plans. Then, after he sees her family and her dead body being carried by the ambulance, he soon realizes that he has known her name and
feels guilty for killing her. He wonders if his love to Ewa is worth for what he is doing in completing his mission.
… He doesn’t know quite what he is feeling: he has destroyed a world he will never be able to rebuild, even if he had all the power in the world. Did
Ewa deserve that? … What he has done? Was love, however great and however intense, sufficient justification for that?
He had chosen the wrong person as his first victim. Her death will never make the news and Ewa won’t understand the message.
Don’t think about it, it’s done now. You have prepared yourself to go much further than this, so carry on…. p. 36
His thought has made him wonder in his midway if he should continue his plan of destroying others to convey his message to Ewa or stop it and give himself
up to the police. Then, he has a thought to sacrifice himself by giving himself up to the police. He is quite sure by doing this way his ex-wife will be back to him
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64 then. He carries out his changing mission, which is going to the police and giving
himself up, but he fails because the police he meets does not believe someone rich and elegant like him be able to do a criminal action such as murdering.
His failed mission to sacrifice himself in order to get his ex-wife back has changed him then. He thinks and reflects again that he has done a foolish action
by giving himself up. He imagines bad things will happen to Ewa if he goes to the prison. He imagines that Ewa will be lonely without his presence and they will be
too old to make their dream of making a happy and good family come true. He suddenly needs to take a break because he thinks he has very nearly ruined his
whole plan p. 119. Rapidly, he changes his mission back to the beginning.
2 Feeling great
Since Igor is a rich person and also has everything, he feels that he is really a great person who can get what he desires. Moreover, he also desires of getting
his wife back after she leaves him for another man. He is very sure that he can get his ex-wife back through the messages he sends to her. He thinks confidently that
his ex-wife regrets for leaving him and wants to come back to his side since he believes that their love is a great and true love that will never die.
“The truth is I didn’t lose anything. Life sometimes separates people so that they can realize how much they mean to each other. For example, last
night, I saw my wife with another man. I know she wants to come back to me, that she still loves me, but she’s not brave enough to take the first
step….” p. 16
Another proof that he definitely feels very great is when the time after Igor kills Olivia, he feels happy because he thinks he is a very great person who is able
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65 to help all human beings remove from their pains and sufferings. Here, he uses
many ways to prove that he is always capable of doing that, including killing them. He is a person who can feel much better if he can kill his objects in order to
complete his mission and even to set their soul free from suffering. Here, the self- esteem of strength is showed by Igor who always wants to fulfill his mission by
employing his strength. His motivation to harm or kill others is to prove that he is able to get he desires and he deserves to do it.
He can do it. And he’s happier still because he has freed the soul from that fragile body, freed a spirit incapable of defending herself against a
bullying coward. If her relationship with her boyfriend had continued, the girl would have ended up depressed and anxious and devoid of all self-
respect, and would have been even more under her boyfriend’s thumb. p. 23
Igor has experienced in killing people before. It starts when he is a war fighter who definitely has to kill others in order to save himself. Then, he does it
again when he has a time together with his wife that finally his wife leaves him. Moreover, it does not make him to stop killing people. He makes plan to get his
wife back by using a weird strategy, in which he destroys others or by means killing people. He feels great for doing that because he considers that he is a
savior who has helped them out of their suffering. When he has successfully got his two victims to complete his mission, he feels proud of his ability to plan
things, because even though he has never been to Cannes before, he is able to foresee the situation before p. 154.
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66
3 Having excessive confidence in his ability and knowledge
Igor, actually, is a smart and intelligent person. He is able to know and understand much better information and knowledge. He has learnt many things
since he is an ordinary man and becomes a war fighter. His experiences have taught him to be a knowledgeable person, therefore he knows much about science
and knowledge. Unfortunately, he has unlimited confidence in his ability and knowledge that makes him believe he can do everything by using all of his
knowledge and ability. One of the proofs that he has much knowledge is when he has a
conversation with Olivia. He says about something marvelously related to science that makes Olivia thinks that he is an interesting and smart man. He tells the story
about a boiled frog to depict himself. “Yes, various biological studies have shown that if a frog is placed in a
container along with water from its own pond, it will remain there, utterly still, while the water is slowly heated up. The frog doesn’t react to the
gradual increase in temperature, to the changes in its environment, and when the water reaches the boiling point, the frog dies, fat, and happy.”
“On the other hand,… …
“I was like that boiled frog. I didn’t notice the changes. I thought everything was fine, that the bad things would just go away, that it was just
a matter of time…. p. 16
Olivia is impressed by Igor’s remark. She imagines how someone can be a smart and elegant person like him. Therefore, in the very beginning of their
meeting, she assumes that Igor is a very smart person and he knows many things she has never known before. That is one of Igor’s strength which he can use to
prove that he is capable of doing anything. It also shows that he has finally achieved his motivation of esteem need, either the self esteem or the need of
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67 esteem from others. The self esteem he has fully achieved, such as the
achievement of his career and expertise of much knowledge. While the need of esteem from others which has been achieved as the case when he meets Olivia and
she admits Igor as a smart and elegant person. Furthermore, as a smart and knowledgeable person, he uses his excessive
ability to kill some persons to complete his mission of getting his ex-wife back. He uses impressive ways, which are rare, unusual, and brilliant techniques, to kill
them. For his first victim, he uses Sambo technique, which is the art of killing swiftly with one’s bare hand p. 22. Then, when he kills his second victim, he
uses another sophisticated technique. He uses a curare, such a kind of needle which can paralyze certain muscles and make a human die within twenty minutes
p. 111. To carry out those missions, he has to study and rehearse first his knowledge in order to make his plan completed perfectly.
4 Thinking fast
Igor is able to think speedily. It can be showed through the way he makes plan. At his meeting with the second victim, Javits, he realizes that it is not easy to
directly kill Javits since he is guarded tightly by his two bodyguards. Therefore, he has to manage a plan soon. His experience of being a war fighter can help him
to think and make a plan quickly. Then, he soon gets a plan to accomplish his task for killing Javits. He uses a sophisticated way which is not easy as the first one.
… This new challenge this sweaty, pseudo-athletic, henna-haired man with the bored expression and who is clearly someone very powerful is
much more difficult. …
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68 He leaves the straw in the pineapple juice. People are beginning to arrive.
He has to wait for the place to fill up, but not too long. He hadn’t planned to destroy a world in broad daylight, in the middle of the Boulevard in
Cannes, and he doesn’t know exactly how to carry out this next project. Something tells him, though, that he has chosen the perfect place. p. 43
It shows that although Igor has not had a ready strategy to kill his new victim, he is competent enough to carry his plan out successfully. His skills and
experiences have helped him successfully to carry out all of what he has planned. Another case also happens when he meets with his third victim, Maureen.
At that time he meets her, he does not have any plan to kill soon another person. By then, suddenly Maureen comes to him. Then, he turns his mission soon to
destroy Maureen’s world that means to kill her. Since he is a trained person who used to kill people in a war, he soon knows what he should do to kill his new
victim. He imagines how easy to kill the girl, while he has not any plan to kill her before. He thinks that his victim has chosen death this time. When she joins him,
he has been sitting alone on the terrace, wondering what to do next and thinking about the past p. 172.
5 A particularly amusing and entertaining person
This kind of person commonly is an interesting and entertaining person. Therefore he is capable of attracting others’ attention. Generally, a manic sufferer
is a wealthy person and has quite a lot of money that he is able to make himself to be an attractive person.
Igor belongs to the kind of this person. He is a rich and successful businessman. He is an entertaining and also charming person. He is capable of
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69 getting others’ attention, either from women or men. At the first meeting with
Igor, some people can see and admit that Igor is a charming and interesting, and he seems as a fascinating person to be with.
Coleman says about what kind of this person is. He states that in the beginning the person seems to be an aggressive, brilliant, sociable individual. At
first, he is an exciting person to be with, but soon he shows his self-centeredness, becomes dominant, monopolizes the conversation, and shows difficulty in
sticking to the subject p. 341. When Igor tries to find another victim, he goes to a tent and promptly he
gets his new second victim. His name is Javits Wild, who is not a famous but very important person. To kill his new victim, Igor soon gets his strategy to complete
his task. When he tries to manage his strategy to be successfully completed, Javits glances around and he suddenly sees and observes Igor. Javits thinks and admits
that Igor is an interesting person, since he is different with people that Javits usually meets.
Javits glances around. There’s a man in dark glasses drinking a fruit juice. He seems oblivious to his surroundings and is staring out to sea as if he
were somewhere far from there. He’s smartly dressed and good-looking, with graying hair….
He envies that man, who probably doesn’t fit the list of “normal” behavior he always keeps in his pocket. He seems so independent and free; if Javits
weren’t feeling so tired, he would really like to talk to him. p. 46
Then, when Igor meets his third victim, a girl named Maureen, he uses his charm to attract her attention. He is successfully able to do that. Maureen, who
firstly comes to him, thinks that he seems very different from many men she often meets. He treats her very different and she is amazed by his elegant behavior.
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70 Then, it makes her want to do what Igor asks for. She does not truly know and
suspect anything of what Igor doing for her. As mentioned by Coleman, a person like Igor seems to be an exciting person to go with in the beginning. It happens to
Maureen who sees Igor appear as an exciting person and makes her have desire of him.
To be honest, she wouldn’t mind being kissed by this seemingly charming man. She knows absolutely nothing about him, of course, but the elegance
with which he’s seducing her is something she won’t forget in a long time. …
Maureen feels that she’s with a man who is polite, handsome, doubtless wealthy, but who is capable of protecting her from all dangers…… pp.
169- 171
Maureen is absolutely wrong about him. She does not know that she has given her life to a death gateway, in which Igor kills her to be his third victim. It
proves that he is capable of deceiving his objects by using what he owns, which is his charming. The self-actualization need is completely owned by him, therefore
he is capable of getting done what he has planned before by manipulating his charming to trap others.
6 Feeling tireless
Igor is a busy man. He has many activities to do related to either his job or his plan to get his ex-wife back. Definitely, as a busy man, he has to run his
business every day. He always enjoys and never complains to be a busy person, since his bustle has made him always be a rich and wealthy person.
Igor always has a dream to be a rich and successful businessman. Since his dream has come true, he realizes that he never wants to leave it. Therefore, he
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71 always tries and struggle harder to keep and develop it to be more and more
profitable. Since he has to do a lot of activities, he cannot take much time to rest.
Furthermore, Coleman states that a manic person feels tireless that he acquires mostly no sleep p. 341. It depicts the image of Igor who needs no much rest
because he used to spend his much time to accomplish every detail of his plans. When he arrives in Cannes to get his ex-wife back, he almost has no time
to sleep, as the result he feels tired and needs time to sleep. Moreover, when his body much time to sleep, he cannot sleep for longer time. He feels alone and tired
and needs to sleep. He wakes up at 7:22 a.m., much earlier than his body would like,… pp. 10-11.
To make him be able to sleep well, after sleeping for a short time he goes for a walk and tries to find victims for completing his mission. He has killed two
persons for a short time and he feels satisfied for that. Then, he goes back to his hotel room and tries to take a nap. Even, when he tries to sleep once more, he
cannot sleep well. He is awake and aware that he has only been asleep for forty minutes p. 109. It can be caused by his habit to sleep in a short time since he is
so busy and has many things to do.
7 Having many continual activities to do during the day
Since Igor is hard-working in which he always tries and struggles so hard to get what he desires, then it make him to be a successful and powerful man.
Definitely, he has to keep what he has achieved by doing so many activities and
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72 getting many more business relations. To do those things, he becomes a very busy
man during the day. He does his business works and meets many relations to talk about business. When he arrives in Cannes, in the beginning he feels rather
strange because he does not have any activities that related to his company. He thinks that if he is at work, he will be busy to hold many meetings with his
subordinates and to have many lunches with some new client p. 11. Igor also ever feels bored to do those many activities. There are some
things he does not like in doing what he has to do in order to keep what he has owned, but he keeps doing his bustle during the day. He actually enjoys to be a
successful businessman and does not want to lose it, Igor is a powerful man. He has fought all his life to get where he is now.
To that end, he has sat through boring suppers, endless lectures, and meetings with people he loathed, has bestowed smile when he would
rather have bestowed insults,….. He worked day and night and weekends too, deep in discussion with lawyers, administrators, officials, and press
officers…… pp. 155-156
Igor’s success actually has changed him to be a workaholic. He is afraid of losing his wealth, power and high position in society, therefore he never stops to
obtain other chances in which he can get much more than he has owned. He is even willing to do many things he does not like such the things as mentioned
before to gain what he really dreams of. Then finally, he understands that he will prefer to keep his company up and will never to give all that up.
8 Having much worthy enthusiasm
Absolutely, as a man who has ever experienced one moment of hard time and then becomes a successful person, Igor knows exactly what he will do if he
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73 has others desire which must be obtained. Because his experiences have taught
him many kinds of ways to get what he desires, he is always optimistic and enthusiastic that he thinks he will absolutely be able to achieve what he wants and
nothing can obstruct his ways to get all he wants. He is strongly sure and he believes that his struggles to make true what he
dreams never turn into vain and unsuccessful. One case happens when he is nothing and only an ordinary man. Then he can turn to be a successful man. It
happens because of his up and down struggle and he has much optimism and enthusiasms to make his dream come true.
Another situation, which shows his much enthusiasm of getting what he wants is when he wants to get his love back to his side. He has made many plans
that he is extremely enthusiastic and optimistic that his plans will be successful completed to get his love back. Any kinds of ways he uses and does to make it
succeed. Even, when he is confused what he should do to accomplish his next mission of getting his ex-wife back, he keeps maintaining his enthusiasm that he
will succeed whatever ways he use to complete it. He has killed two persons. He cannot imagine that he can truly carry his
mission out. For a while, he wants to change his mission that is to sacrifice himself and give himself up to the police and confesses for what he has done. At
that time, he thinks and believes that his sacrifice of giving himself up to the police will bring his ex-wife back to him.
Sacrifice... The redemption of love through total surrender….. Ewa will repent of her sins. She’ll come to see him, bring him food, they’ll have
time to talk, reflect, love, and even though their bodies do not touch, their souls will be closer than ever. Even if they have to wait years before they
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74 can live in the house he intends to build on the shores of Lake Baikal, that
period of waiting will purify and bless them pp. 113-114. Actually, Igor’s enthusiasm is good for some times, particularly when he
can use it to get his success on business. Unfortunately, he sometimes cannot manage this feeling so well, which then can give him the consequence of despair.
The result is he will do any kinds of ways to get what he desires, even the harm and risk ways he will do. To get his love back is one example of his great
enthusiasm in which he cannot get it.
9 Having great plans for the future
As a successful man, Igor is used to make many plans to get what he desires to achieve. The same case happens when Ewa leaves him for living with
another man. He cannot accept that his wife leaves him for someone else since he always believes that their love is long-lasting. He always promises to himself and
Ewa that nothing will be able to separate their love. Therefore, when it truly happens that she leaves him, he promises to himself that he will get his love back
to him. He makes many plans greatly and perfectly. He is ready to take any risk to get his wife back.
He is, in fact, prepared to do anything, even to send messages that will mean he has destroyed someone’s world, just so that she’ll know that not
only is he willing to welcome her back, he will gladly burry the past and ask no questions. p. 12
Before Igor kills Olivia, he makes conversation with her and he also shares his feeling that he has a great dream and plan for his future with his ex-wife, Ewa.
He has gained what he has dreamt of, and then he wants to make a happy and
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75 good family with Ewa. He says “I met the perfect woman, we married, and I
would like to have had children, to honor and fear God” p. 14. The same remark, which expresses Igor’s willing to realize his dream to build a good and happy
family, is also expressed in the presence of Ewa. He reveals “I know you sometimes think I work too much, but it’s not true. I’m building our future and
soon we’ll be free to dream and to live out our dreams” p. 94. Igor has worked so hard which he wants to use the result of his hard-work
to build his dream of having a happy family with Ewa. He is really eager to realize that plan. He has dreamt, planned, and arranged many things to make it realized.
He also tells his plan to Ewa when her presence is still extant in his side. Then, he and Ewa make the future of their life together, since his usual days are so busy
therefore they want to arrange their spare time in order to be able to build a happy family.
They made great plans journeys, cruises, a remote house in the mountains with a blazing log fire, and the certain knowledge that they
could stay there for as long as they wanted, with no need to worry about money, debts, or obligations. They would find a school for the many
children they planned to have together; they would spend whole afternoons walking through the surrounding forests; they would have supper at small,
cozy local restaurants…… p. 156
Because Igor is so busy and never wants to stop his work, and also Ewa leaves him, his dream to have a happy life and family cannot be realized. He has
not only great plans for his own private life, but also many plans to make the world he lives in be a better place in the future. He feels simply great because he
is a very rich man that can use much of his money to achieve what he dreams of, including making a world filled with love.
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76 ….. He simply wanted to leave the world a better place for the children he
dreamed of having, a world without drugs or wars or people trafficking, a world in which love would be the great force uniting all couples, peoples,
nations, and religions. p. 162
He has many great plans for what he will do in the future, but only some can be realized. He even dares to take any risk and he is able to do everything in
order to carry out his plans, although only some can be successfully done.
10 Getting easily irritated
When Igor meets his first victim, Olivia, and where she tries to flee herself, he threatens her to keep staying and listening what his heart wants to
convey about his plan to get his ex-wife back. He seriously says these words and proves his words “I’m going to keep destroying worlds until she realizes how
important she is to me and that I’m prepared to run any risk in order to get her back.” p. 21
Coleman 1976 gives his view about this kind of person. He says that this person cannot accept or intolerance of any criticism and he even denounces as
stupid fool people who disagree with his opinion or idea and also who interfere with his plans. He is not afraid to take any risk and moreover he dares to kill
people who interfere or disturb his business p. 341. It depicts the figure of Igor. He can do any harm way to get rid someone who interfere his business.
Definitely, he does it willingly. It truly happens not only for once, but for more than once. For that case,
one time when he has a candlelit supper in a restaurant in Irkutsk with Ewa, his ex-wife, a drunken beggar comes to their table, sits down, and disturbs their
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77 pleasant dinner by telling and criticizing about life and government. Then, he feels
irritated with the arrival of that person. At that time he kills that beggar unknown to Ewa. He only says to Ewa “Well, he won’t bother anyone again” p. 90. He
always makes Ewa sure that no one can threaten their privacy. He says “Anyone who fails to respect our moments of freedom should be removed in such a way
that they’ll never ever consider coming back” p. 91. For the beginning, Ewa does not realize what Igor has done. After that
incident in Irkutsk, she always curiously wants to know what happens with the beggar. He says to Ewa “Anything and anyone who tries to separate us or to
destroy the little time when we have together at this particular moment of our lives gets the treatment they deserve” p. 94. Finally, she understands and realizes
that Igor has killed that beggar because she thinks he tells something madly and she also knows it from his manners.
11 Rationalizing his plans or activities and admitting no mistakes
This characteristic of manic type presents that the person always considers all of his deeds belong to normal. He may think that all what he does are common
and rational, although others may consider his action as abnormal and uncommon. Just like Igor, he easily believes that he needs victims to be sacrificed in the name
of love. The victims are used as the messages to be conveyed to his ex-wife p. 11.
When Igor sees a girl as a craftwork seller, named Olivia, he thinks that she will be his first victim as his message to be sent to Ewa in order to convey that
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78 he is in Cannes to get her back. He thinks that Olivia is the message he must send,
a message that will be understood as soon as it reaches its destination p. 12. “I didn’t come here to cry. I came to send messages to the woman I love,
and in order to do that, I need to destroy a few universes or worlds. …..
“Why do you need to destroy the world?” “So that I can rebuild my own world.” p. 15
In the very beginning, Olivia does not know what the intention of Igor is of saying those remarks. She is hypnotized by Igor’s charm. By then, when he
says those remarks and he threatens her, she soon understands what he means. It can be figured out that Igor will do anything in the name of love, and even he
rationalizes uncommon way be rational way because he thinks that love can be struggled by doing any ways.
It also happens when Igor is doubtful whether to continue his mission after killing Olivia or not. He feels guilty for doing that. But soon, he realizes that he
has to continue and complete his mission to get his ex-wife back. He easily thinks that his action is fairly proper for getting what he wants since he always declares
his sacrifice in the name of love. He says to himself and tries to calm himself: The girl will understand that her death was not in vain, but was a sacrifice
in the name of a greater love. Look around you, see what’s happening in the city, behave like a normal citizen. You’ve already had your fair share
of suffering in this life; now you deserve a little peace and comfort.
Enjoy the festival. This is what you have been preparing yourself for. pp. 36-37
Then, another case that shows Igor easily rationalizes his unusual deeds is one time when he has supper with his ex-wife. As a manic sufferer, he will easily
be irritated by his surroundings that disturb him. When a beggar comes to their table and disturbs their special moment, he exactly knows what he has to do to
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79 chase that beggar away. He directly and gently asks the beggar to come outside
and he soon kills the beggar. He admits no mistake for what he has done. He simply feels great for doing that because he feels he has freed the beggar’s soul
from the evil spirit. “I saved him”
….. “I saved him from a filthy, hopeless life in those freezing winters, with his
body being slowly destroyed by booze. I let his soul depart toward the light because the moment he came into that restaurant to destroy our
happiness, I knew that his spirit was inhabited by the Evil one.” p. 94
Although he knows that his action for completing his mission can be considered by the society as insane, he keeps straight continuing and completing
his mission. Since he truly believes that God, who will understand that love merits any amount of sacrifice including destroying and killing some people, will receive
his spirit….. pp. 113-114.
12 Spending money recklessly
Because Igor is a successful and rich man and he also never worries about money, definitely he can spend his money to get what he wants. He can easily do
everything he desires by using his money. He can spend his money anywhere and anytime he wants to. Besides he spends his money for his personal life, he also
spends his money to finance some wars, such as saving Rwanda, sending medicine to refugee, and financing an army of mercenaries to intervene in a tribal
war, and he says that he has no intention of doing that pp. 95-96. Igor wants eagerly to get his love back. Therefore, he has to manage each
step and move of his plans carefully and perfectly. To realize his entire mission of
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80 getting his love back, he can spend a lot of money since most of his plans use
sophisticated technique which most of the tools are rarely found and expensive. For example, he buys unregistered gun and various poisons from his connections
with mafia in Moscow p. 112. Since Igor is an inconsistent person, particularly in carrying his plans out,
he needs time to think clearly what he must do for his next plan. In Cannes, after he almost changes and ruins his whole plan, then he reserves a terrace café to
clear his mind and reflects what he has done. He is even able to reserve that café and pay the waiters to work all night if necessary p. 159. That shows that he is
able to do many things without thinking much money he will spends.
b. Depressive Type
