Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

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E. Definition of Terms

This section consists of some terms used in this study and it helps the readers better understand the content discussed. Those terms are: 1. Character Character plays the most important role in a novel. Without the role of character, the story is meaningless. The character also can make the readers better experience the story. Therefore, first of all, the definition of character must be known and understood. Stanton 1965 says that the term character is commonly used in two ways: it designates the individuals who appear in the story and it refers to the mixture of interests, desires, emotions, and moral principles that makes up each of these individuals p. 17. From the statement above, it can be assumed that character is the existence of some persons within a story along with their personality. 2. Behavior Every human being has his or her own manners to do something. The manner itself can be assumed that it is same as behavior. As stated in Longman, the word behavior is referred to the way that someone behaves. Behave itself means to do things in a particular way “Behavior”. Therefore, behavior can be stated that the way a person does something in his or her way, either good or bad. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 8 3. Abnormal Behavior It is important to know first what abnormal behavior is, since manic- depressive disorder discussed in this study belongs to the kind of abnormal behavior. There are many theories about abnormal behavior. Before grasping deeply what do means abnormal behavior is, it is important to know and differentiate the definition of normal and abnormal in order to specify criteria for distinguish one from the other. But actually, it is not an easy thing to consider the means of abnormal directly. Carson, Butcher, and Mineka 2000 say that there are confusion and disagreement considerations, and the confusions aggravated by changing values and expectations in society at large p. 4. Commonly, the word abnormal learned as away from the normal. One internet article by Schimelpfening 2004 in Abnormal Behavior says that to understand the means of abnormal, firstly it is essential to know what normal is. Being normal means people behave and act in average, or in a typical way. While, abnormal means that it refers to something that is not typical. In addition, Carson, Butcher, and Mineka also consider that abnormal behavior can be said as undesirable. It can be undesirable if it contrary to the public interest p. 4. 4. Manic-Depressive Disorder It is important to know deeply what by means manic-depressive disorder is. It is also called bipolar disorder since depression and mania closely related each other and some people can experience both at the same time. In Manic- Depressive Disorder, it is stated that commonly the term manic-depressive PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 9 disorder described as mental illness characterized by elated mood or depressed mood “Manic-Depressive Disorder,” n.d. In addition, Syrett 2006 in The Secret Life of Manic Depression also describes this bipolar disorder as a disorder that engages the extreme changing of mood from mania to deep depression. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 10

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE