80 getting his love back, he can spend a lot of money since most of his plans use
sophisticated technique which most of the tools are rarely found and expensive. For example, he buys unregistered gun and various poisons from his connections
with mafia in Moscow p. 112. Since Igor is an inconsistent person, particularly in carrying his plans out,
he needs time to think clearly what he must do for his next plan. In Cannes, after he almost changes and ruins his whole plan, then he reserves a terrace café to
clear his mind and reflects what he has done. He is even able to reserve that café and pay the waiters to work all night if necessary p. 159. That shows that he is
able to do many things without thinking much money he will spends.
b. Depressive Type
As mentioned before by Carson, Butcher, Mineka, even though a patient may show only manic symptoms, bipolar disorder must exist, and the depressive
episode definitely will appear. Furthermore, there is uncommon for only unipolar manic occurs because it must be a part of a bipolar disorder, or perhaps this mania
occurs along range on which depression and manic exist pp. 220-221. Therefore, in this case, Igor tends to experience manic disorder than the
depressive one since there is no case of unipolar manic occurs. The episodes of the depression he suffers are fewer than the mania. For the type of depression he
experiences, the simple depression is the proper type to depict what he experiences. Shortly, based on Coleman 1976, pp. 344-346, this type, in which
Igor suffers, is relatively characterized by these characteristics:
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
81
1 Experiencing a slow down thinking process
The first arrival in Cannes, Igor has seen his ex-wife and her companion, who is her new partner after Igor. When he first sees them in Cannes, he does not
do anything yet. Definitely, what he has seen makes him sad, at the same time he feels happy because he is quite sure that she will know his presence in Cannes and
then they finally would meet. He only can think more and more if he can successfully carry his plans out.
Additionally, as stated by Coleman 1976 the person who suffers this simple depression generally feels any kinds of desperate, such as unworthiness,
failure, sinfulness, and guilt can affect his thinking process that can cause his thinking slows down. Igor feels the feeling of failure that he cannot maintain his
relationship with his wife. He understands the reason why his ex-wife leaves him and he is eager to get his ex-wife because he feels that his ex-wife’s love is so
important for him. In addition, for some time, he cannot think quickly because of that cause. After watching his ex-wife and her new partner, he cannot stop
thinking and he looks sad. He tries to keep thinking to pass the time p. 10. He also feels guilty when he has killed his first victim, Olivia. When he
has a ready plan to find a victim as his message for his ex-wife, he first feels very great because he has found the victim and is able to complete his first plan. But
then, he soon feels guilty after seeing Olivia’s family is so sad to know that their only daughter has died. He is not quite sure what his feeling is: he feels guilty
because he has destroyed a world he will never be able to rebuild, even if he has
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
82 all the power in the world p. 36. He cannot think clearly after doing that. Soon,
he decides to continue completing his mission to get a new victim, and in a short time he is able to get the second victim to kill.
Unpredictably, he soon feels exhausted, frightened, and in a state of panic. He always thinks that he is incapable of hurting anyone, but the fact is that he has
already killed two innocent people in a short time p. 109. Additionally, his feeling of guilty almost stops him to continue completing his mission because it
makes him doubtful whether his ex-wife does deserve well for what he has sacrificed for her. He is confused about the strategy he will carry out for the next
plan. He keeps trying to think and arrange hard for what he will do to accomplish his mission. By then, he changes his mind and he decides that he has to keep
going on.
2 Requiring super and more energy
When an individual feels sad and cheerless, certainly he does not have any more energy to do his activities. It is because his feeling affects his appetite not to
eat much. Therefore, he needs super and more energy to do his works and activities. It occurs to Igor. His appetite goes down after he sees his ex-wife
walking together with her new companion. He waits for them in a bar until three o’clock in the morning, and he only orders and drinks whisky. Even, the waiter
says to him that he should eat something to cheer himself up p. 10. The source of energy needed can be gained not only from food, but also
from having enough rest. If he cannot sleep well, his body cannot cooperate well
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
83 to help him do his activities. Sleep well definitely is needed indeed to help saving
much energy. A person like Igor who often cannot sleep well, besides his bustle, his depression because of the absence of his wife is also the cause that has
affected him difficult to sleep. He has passed the really difficult phase, when he couldn’t sleep because he was so filled with pain and hatred p. 11.
There is time when Igor is so confused with the problem he has to solve after killing his innocent victims. He feels worried and also tired to think what he
has done. He thinks he needs more energy to plan his next strategy and to carry it out. He drives away everything that has made him feel tired.
He goes into the bathroom, puts his head under the shower, and turns on the cold water. Perhaps it’s lack of sleep, being in a strange place, in a
different time zone, or the fact that he was actually doing the thing he had planned to do, but never thought he would. p. 113
It seems actually he needs more time to take his body to have a rest since he cannot sleep well and it also directly gives effect that he cannot think well and
clearly. It can obviously be seen that his depression has affected his thinking and body with the results that he suffers from sleeping problem and cannot think in a
good way.
3 Choosing to be alone to think what he has done
Igor is able to think quickly, particularly in deciding and taking a decision in a short time. Therefore, he often make mistakes that can ruin his plans when he
tries to think and decide something quickly. It happens once when he almost ruins his plan to get his ex-wife back because he does to decide one new strategy
quickly. As he fails to carry his new strategy out, he suddenly regrets for almost
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
84 doing that. He realizes, then, that if he successfully accomplishes his new strategy,
he can ruin his plan. After realizing that he has applied a foolish strategy to get his wife back, in
which he wants to give himself up to the police after killing two victims in a short time, he needs time to be alone to think more what he has done and what plans he
should carry out then. He goes back to the hotel and takes a shower. He asks the receptionist to
wake him at four, the way he should be rested enough to recover the necessary clarity of mind not to go doing any more such foolish things. He
had very nearly ruined his whole plan. He phones the concierge and reserves a table on the hotel terrace for when
he wakes up; he’d like to drink some tea there undisturbed…… p. 119 It proves that he also experiences a depressed episode. When he is so
confused with what he feels, he needs more time to think and reflect the past moments he has passed through, whether he has done many faults and he can
achieve what he has planned for many times he has spent.
4 Realizing that he needs treatment
As Coleman 1976 has stated, the sufferer of this simple depression still has awareness to understand his real condition and he realizes that he needs
treatment. Igor experiences this. He is extremely afraid of losing his wife. This causes him to have a miserable feeling.
Some months before Ewa, Igor’s ex-wife, leaves him, he knows exactly that there is a problem between him and his wife. He realizes that his wife keeps a
distance from him. He does not exactly know what his wife feels. When it happens, he goes to a psychiatrist, an act he hates, to consult his problem and get a
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
85 solution because he is afraid of experiencing the worst thing, namely his wife
leaves him will truly happen. The problem Igor has to face is he suffers from an illness which
commonly occurs to those who really love working and have achieved successes in their grasp. He is a compulsive worker and a workaholic. He knows much
information from the psychiatrist about the illness he suffers. According to psychiatrist, this illness is potentially able to risk someone into deep depression
when not being immersed in many challenges and problem of running business. Furthermore, it is explained that this illness is associated with insecurity
childhood fears, and a desire to block out reality. It also can cause a great problem, namely causing the damage and crack of family life p. 160.
Therefore, Igor cannot stop handling his business all the time and then the result he has no enough time for his wife, and because of this his wife leaves him.
He admits to the psychiatrist that he needs help to solve what he is facing, but he still does not want to give up all what he has achieved because he is really afraid
of losing what he has gained after his great effort. He also denies the truth that he has destroyed his family. Thus, he rejects doing what the physiatrist has suggested
to him. He has to consider that working is a source of happiness not as an obsession, since he is absolutely sure that he will never be able to leave all what
he has got. In conclusion, many studies say that the episodes of manic depressive
commonly start from the high, the in-between, and the low. That means the opening of this disorder commonly start from manic episode, followed by normal
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
86 period and then by a depressed episode, and so forth. A sufferer has uncertain
mood swings that in one day perhaps he experiences high mood. Then he is back to normal, to sad or hopeless, and then back again to the high. The three or more
of manic symptoms can occur within a day or nearly every day, while the depressive symptoms occur at least five and more. That explains the mood swings
experienced by Igor as the sufferer of manic depressive disorder can be the cause of extreme elation or depression.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
87
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This part is divided into two parts. The first one focuses on the conclusions of the analysis. While the second part concerns the recommendation for future
researchers who want to use Paulo Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone for their study and the recommendation for the implementation of The Winner Stands
Alone in teaching and learning activities.
A. Conclusions
Igor is the major character of the novel since he is the center of the story. He is also a dynamic character whose motivation and behavior are complex and
changing. Based on the analysis in chapter 4 before, Igor’s characteristics and the cause and the type of manic-depressive disorder he suffers are concluded as
following: Igor is hard-working. Actually, he is a good example of a person who can
successfully gain what he has hoped, particularly in running a company, becoming a successful businessman and earning much money. Absolutely, his success gives
him much wealth in which he becomes a rich person then. He is capable of doing and buying many things by using his savings. He is also a good-looking person
that he has an elegant charm which capably attracts others’ attention, especially women. Having all what he has dreamed of, he really shows his gratitude to God.
He is a good Christian actually. He absolutely believes that God always blesses all
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
