1.0 Sintesis Biosistematika Indigofera Indonesia Penghasil Pewarna

103 Lima belas primer SSR berhasil mengamplifikasi DNA dari 63 aksesi I. tinctoria dan menghasilkan 76 pita polimorfik dan persentase polimorfisme 100. Pola pita yang dihasilkan, dapat membedakan beberapa kelompok aksesi dan lokasi asal aksesi, tetapi tidak berdasar asal pulau. Keberagaman genetik I. tinctoria di tiga pulau di Indonesia memiliki rerata 0.4, nilai keberagaman tertinggi He dimiliki oleh populasi yang berasal dari Cirebon 0.6 sedangkan paling rendah dimiliki oleh populasi yang berasal dari Waioti dan Wairbleler 0.2. Populasi Sumenep, Cirebon dan Flores memiliki kedekatan secara genetik. Strategi pemuliaan dengan seleksi difokuskan pada populasi yang memiliki keragaman tertinggi yaitu Cirebon. Primer SSR dapat digunakan untuk mengkaji keberagaman genetik I. tinctoria. Populasi I. tinctoria asal P. Flores merupakan varian, dan tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai takson infraspesies, meskipun memiliki variasi morfologi yang berbeda dari populasi di P. Jawa dan P. Madura.

5.2 Saran

Ada indikasi bahwa I. longeracemosa memiliki keunggulan dalam kandungan indikan, indigo, jumlah cabang, lebar kanopi dan berat basah daun dibandingkan dengan I. tinctoria. I.suffruticosa dan I. arrecta sebagai pewarna. Upaya konservasi terhadap I. longeracemosa dapat dilakukan dengan menggali ciri unggul lain. Budi daya sebagai salah satu alternatif upaya konservasi. Upaya pemanfaatan I. longeracemosa dapat dilakukan dengan penyuluhan, budi daya, dan pemopuleran di kalangan pembatik pecinta warna alami. Pengembangan penelitian lanjutan terhadap stress lingkungan untuk mendapatkan produksi indigo maksimal menjadi keharusan. 104 DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abdolzadeh A, Hossein F, Aghdasi M, Sadgipoor H. 2006. Effects of nitrogen sources and levels on growth and alkaloid content of periwincle. Asian J Plant Sci. 52:271 –276. Abdullah L. 2010. Herbage production and quality of shrub Indigofera treated by different concentration of foliar fertilizer. Med Pet.169 –175. 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