English in extracurricular English Club? etc see appendix 6. The interviews were conducted on August 12
th
2011 and August 24
th
2011.
2. Participants in Preliminary Field Testing
In preliminary testing, the research participant was the English teacher of the school. The English teacher was a woman which had been teaching for four
years in SMP Kanisius Pakem Yogyakarta. In this study, the teacher evaluated the designed product and gave suggestion to the researcher. It was done on September
10
th
2011. Through this step, the researcher could collect information about appropriate activities for the extracurricular English Club students of SMP
Kanisius Pakem Yogyakarta .
3. Participants in Field Testing
The research participants in field testing were the English teacher of SMP Kanisius Pakem Yogyakarta
, the students of the extracurricular English Club at SMP Kanisius Pakem Yogyakarta
and two lecturers from Sanata Dharma University. The researcher distributed questionnaires to the English teacher and
the two lecturers. The questions given were in the form of close-ended questionnaires. The choices are: 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = doubt, 4 =
agree, 5 = strongly agree. Besides, the researcher also interviewed the students to gain feedback of the designed materials.
C. Research Instruments
Instrument of the study is used to gather the data needed. There were two kinds of instruments used in this study. Each is described as follow:
1. Instruments in the Needs Survey
According to Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh 1990: 418 as cited in Hanani 2005, a questionnaire is an instrument of a study to gather information through
the respondents‟ written responses to a list of questions. The questionnaire was written in Bahasa Indonesia in order to avoid misunderstanding of the students.
According to Wiersma 1995, questionnaire is divided into two different types, namely open-ended and closed-ended questionnaire. The open-ended type
gives the participants the opportunity to answer in their own words. In close- ended type, the participants select the answer based on the choice items provided
Wiersma, 1995. In this research, the researcher used the combination of open- ended and closed-ended questionnaire. The researcher provided items to be
chosen by the students and a blank space below the options for students to give another answer see appendix 2. The table on the next page shows some
questions used in the needs survey.
