6. The Components of Teaching and Learning Process
In the process of teaching and learning, many components are involved. Those components are separated but interrelated each other. When one component
is missing, the process of teaching and learning cannot run smoothly. H.J Giono 1997: 20 divides the components of teaching and learning
process into seven components: they are student, teacher, goal, material, method, media, and evaluation.
a. Students
Student is the seeker, the receiver, and the saver of the subject material needed to achieve the goal. In teaching and learning process, the
students are the ones who seek for knowledge from the teacher. They receive the material that the teacher gives to them which is then saved
for future use. The material or skills they have are used to achieve the goal which has been set and stated in the beginning of the lesson.
b. Teacher
Teacher is the manager of teaching and learning activities, and the teaching and learning catalyst. He also has other roles in making
teaching and learning process go effectively. c.
Goal Goal is a statement about the intended changes which could be achieved
after following certain teaching and learning process. These changes involve the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor areas. The goal of the
teaching and learning process should be realistic and suited with the needs of the students.
d. Material
Material is the amount of information about the facts, principles, and concepts, which are needed to achieve the goal. The material used in
the process of teaching and learning should be suitable with the subject being learned and also the students‟ knowledge.
e. Method
Method is the way in giving the chance to the students to get the information, which is needed to achieve the goal. A good teacher uses a
various method in order to avoid students‟ boredom. f.
Media Media is a device use for conveying the information to the students so
that they can achieve the goal easily. By using media, it is expected that the students will be more interested in the subject they learn.
g. Evaluation
Evaluation is a certain way used for evaluating the process and its result. It is given to all of the teaching and learning components and it
also gives the feedback to the teaching and learning components. The explanation above shows that teaching and learning process involves
many components which are enclosed together to reach the goal of education.
When one of those components is missing, the teaching and learning process cannot run as smooth as when all of them are present.
7. Teacher and Learner Role
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