competency is teachers‟ ability to master science, engineering, andor art in other words, content or subject knowledge.
By having competencies mentioned above, it is hoped that teachers can run their profession as professional educators, or in other words they can run their
duty as the learning agents.
6. Teacher Professionalism Professionalism is one of the competencies which a teacher should have.
The other competencies are personal, social, and pedagogic competencies. Professional teachers are teachers who have followed teacher training and owned
certificate from the government Hamalik, 2004: 27. According to Hamalik 2004: 38, there are some indicators which
determine a professional teacher, they are: a.
A professional teacher should be able to develop his responsibility. His responsibility includes moral, educational, social, and science. A
teacher can be considered as professional when he can fulfill the four aspects of responsibility.
b. A professional teacher should be able to do his roles. It means that a
professional teacher should be able to run his role as an educator, a part of society, a leader, and an administrator.
c. A professional teacher should be able to work hard in order to achieve
the goal of education. It can be seen from his knowledge, skills, and behavior. A professional teacher should have a broad knowledge and
good skills which is then shown by his behavior.
d. A professional teacher should be able to run his roles in the process of
teaching and learning. The roles of teacher in the process of teaching and learning are as a controller, assessor, organizer, prompter,
participant, resource, tutor, and negotiator. It is also mentioned in The Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 14,
year 2005 On Teacher and Lecturer that in doing his job, a professional teacher: “Dalam melaksanakan tugas keprofesionalan, guru berkewajiban: a.
merencanakan pembelajaran, melaksanakan proses pembelajaran yang bermutu, serta menilai dan mengevaluasi hasil pembelajaran; b.
meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kualifikasi akademik dan kompetensi secara berkelanjutan sejalan dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan,
teknologi, dan seni; c. bertindak objektif dan tidak diskriminatif atas dasar pertimbangan jenis kelamin, agama, suku, ras, dan kondisi fisik tertentu,
atau latar belakang keluarga, dan status social ekonomi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran; d. menjunjung tinggi peraturan perundang-undangan,
hukum, dan kode etik guru, serta nilai-nilai agama dan etika; dan e. memelihara dan memupuk persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa.
From the explanation about teacher professionalism above, it can be seen that a teacher can be considered as professional if he can do his responsibility and
roles in order to achieve the goal of education.
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Method
An important thing to be considered in carrying out the research is research methodology. This research was conducted in the form of qualitative
research using naturalistic inquiry. Fraenkel and Wallen 2000: 502 states that qualitative research is a research study that investigates the quality of
relationships, activities, situations, or materials in a particular activity or situation. This research was reported in words and language in certain natural
context. In this study, the researcher conducted qualitative research since it was
used to investigate some viewpoints of social phenomenon of the effects of teacher certification on the quality of English teaching and learning process at
SMA N 1 Klaten. By using this method, the researcher achieved clear description of the process observed. At this point, the process was conducted
without any interference from the researcher. The researcher used naturalistic inquiry because the research was in the
form of natural setting and the researcher is the means through which the research is conducted. Lincoln and Cuba 1985: 39 proposes that in naturalistic
approach, the researcher make himself as an instrument to identify, and has proportion to clarify the deviation which exists. In this research, the researcher
observed to what extent the teacher certification affects the quality of English 47
