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20, the total score of vocabulary is 15, and the total score of mechanics is 10. The maximum score is 100 derived from the sum of the maximum score of each
element. Test instruction which was given to Class IX A Research subject was
measured by conducting test at different students Class IX B, it was done to know the readability of the test, the students could understand the test. In this
case, Weir 1998: 58 says: In testing writing, there are two different approaches for assessing writing
ability that can be adopted. Firstly, writing can be divided into discrete levels, e.g. grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and punctuation, and these
elements can be tested separately by the use of the objective test. Secondly, more direct extended writing tasks of various types could be
constructed. These would have greater construct, content, face, and wash back validity but would require a more subjective assessment.
F. Data Analysis Technique
In analyzing the data, the researcher used two techniques, Descriptive Statistics DS and Constant Comparative Method CCM. The qualitative data
are analyzed using CCM and the quantitative data are analyzed using DS. In analyzing the qualitative data, Glaser and Strauss 1980: 105 state the procedures
as follows: 1. Comparing incidents applicable to each category
The researcher analyzed the data by coding each incident in the data into as many categories of analysis as possible. Coding needed to consist of only of
categories on margin which can be done elaborately. As categories and the properties emerge, the analyst would discover two kinds of situations:
constructed and abstracted of language research situation 2. Integrating categories and their properties
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The researcher started to note the relationship among the concepts then the relationship to be emerged. Therefore, it is necessary for the researcher to
examine all concepts. 3. Delimiting the theory
The researcher ignored some of the concepts initially noted as soon possible, if the formulas of the relationship among the concepts are clear,
but evidently irrelevant to the inquiry and reduced the category of the theory becomes simpler.
4. The researcher shared with the readers about his findings into words. To analyze the quantitative data, the writer used the students’ previous marks
pre-test scores and the test at the end of the lesson. The writer gave the students post-test in order to know whether picture series is able to improve the students’
ability in constructing procedure text between before and after the cycle. This research used t-test of non independent samples as follows:
1 D²
2
- å
- =
å
n n
n D
t
D
Where: t = Test of significance.
D = Sum of different score. ͞͞D = Sum of different scores divided by n
n = Total number of students
Figure3. t-test of non independent, Ary, Jacob in Ngadiso 2009: 17b
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The quantitative data are analyzed using Descriptive Statistic by describing the collected data naturally Sugiyono, 2009: 147. The procedures are as follows:
1. The researcher scores test individually at the end of each cycle based on analytic scoring rubric.
2. The researcher applies the descriptive statistics, comprising the following dimension; the highest score, the lowest score, and the mean.
3. The researcher compares the mean score of the pre-test and that of the post-test. The formula to get the mean score is as follows:
∑X Ϻ=
N Where :
M = Mean ∑X = Total of score
N = number of students
If the mean score increases, the students’ writing ability is considered improving. This means that picture series can be used to solve the students’
problems to write procedure texts.
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter describes the detail of the several of activities developed as part of implementing the Picture Series PS in improving students’ writing
ability. The aims of the research are to know whether the implementation of PS can improve students’ writing ability and to know the strengths and weaknesses of
PS when they are used as media to improve the students’ writing ability of the ninth year students of MTs NW 1 Kembang Kerang. The description is based on
the result of the interview, the result of the questionnaire, and the result of the test which were collected by the researcher and collaborator.
A. Introduction
1. Preliminary Observation
Based on the preliminary observation which was conducted on January 2011 to Class IX A, the researcher realized that the students had problem in
English, especially in writing since most of them said that writing was difficult. The choice of the class was based the consideration that the students’ achievement
in English was under average among other classes. The preminilary observation
