Associative Non-referential Addressing Types of Vocative Expressions in Speech Act Theory

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g. Associative Non-referential Addressing

According to Kubo, associative non-referential addressing generally means that the speaker performs a perlocutionary act of association by performing an illocutionary act of addressing the hearer with in-group term. The speaker, hence, does not intend to disgrace the hearer’s honor, but intends to bring about a perlocutionary effect such that the speaker relieves the mind. This means that a vocative can be called associative non-referential addressing if it contains an illocutionary act of addressing the hearer with in-group terms and it hence employs a perlocutionary act of association which brings about a perlocutionary effect such that the hearer feels relieved. The definition about can be explained in two points. Firstly, in associative non-referential addressing, the speaker performs the illocutionary act of the matrix sentence first, then performs the illocutionary act of addressing and shares the information expressed in the proposition of the matrix sentence with the hearer. Secondly, since the vocative is included as non-referential in-group terms, it contains a perlocutionary act of association. Similar to associative non-referential calling, the perlocutionary act of association includes a perlocutionary act performed concomitantly with the illocutionary act by using vocatives that belong to non- referential in-group terms of address to bring resonance between the participants. Moreover, associative non-referential addressing is aimed to bring about a perlocutionary effect such that the speaker relieves the hearer’s mind. commit to user 50 Example: Lucy : I believe that if we study and work hard, we will soon graduate. Nancy : That’s right, pal. So, let’s go to the library. Lucy : Ok. Nancy is Lucy’s best friend. She associates Lucy since she agrees to what Lucy says. She hence performs a perlocutionary act of association by employing an illocutionary act of addressing her friend as “pal” which is included as non-referential in-group term. This act hence brings about a perlocutionary effect on the hearer such that the hearer feels relieved.

h. Dissociative Non-referential Addressing