Data Gathering Technique Research Instruments and Data Gathering Technique

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4. Data Gathering Technique

In this research, the data were gathered through two sources. They were research and information collecting and preliminary field testing. The data gathered to help the researcher in designing English reading material for eleventh grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. In the research and information collecting the researcher obtained the data by reviewing literature, doing interview and distributing questionnaire. The interview was held in October 1, 2010 in the teachers’ room of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. It was done in the afternoon after the class finished. The researcher interviewed 2 two English teachers of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta by using unstructured interview. The questions were developing based on the interview guidelines when the interview was held. The interview was done about 30 thirty minutes. From the interview, the researcher gained the data about the teacher’s view related to the students’ characteristics, students’ difficulties in English learning, English learning material used in school, and teachers’ need related to English learning material. Absolutely, the interview ran smoothly. It was like natural conversation, such as informal or daily conversation between two people or more. Because of that, the researcher gathered much information easily from the teachers of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. In the research and information collecting step, the researcher also distributed a questionnaire to 73 students of science class of the eleventh grade of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. There were 3 three science classes so that the researcher distributed the questionnaires to those three classes. Then, the 46 questionnaire was distributed in the third week up to fourth week of July 2011. The questionnaire was distributed in the breaktime of the class orand after the English class. The questions in the questionnaire were in open and closed forms. The open questions were used in order to gather the data about students’ interest and students’ opinions related to material improvement. The closed questions were used to gather the data about students’ difficulties and opinions about reading material in school. The students just needed a short time to fill the questionnaire, it seemed that they had no difficulties about that, so that the researcher would not wait too long. Another questionnaire was used in the preliminary field testing. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to some respondents. The respondents were two lecturers from English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University and one English teacher of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. The questionnaire was distributed after the researcher finished the design or the product of English reading materials using contextual teaching and learning approach for eleventh grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta. The questionnaire contained some open questions to gain the feedback, comments, and suggestion about the product. These data gathered were used to revise or evaluate the design as the final product.

E. Data Analysis Technique