46 1000-word texts from Indonesian into English. This project was carried out in
May 2013.
C. Research Participants or Subjects
The participants of the research were students of translation class of the English Language Education Study Programme at Sanata Dharma University
batch 2010 in 20122013 academic year. Specifically, the research analysed the translations from Indonesian into English produced by the ELESP students batch
2010.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
Since the research uses a qualitative approach, the main instrument of the research was the researcher. Creswell 2007
mentions that “the qualitative researchers collect data themselves through examining documents, observing
behavior, and interviewing participants. They may use protocol – an instrument
for collecting data – but the researcher are the ones who actually gather the
information” p. 38. In this research, the researcher collected the printed texts of translation on Indonesian into English produced by the ELESP students batch
2010 and analysed them. Furthermore, the next instrument was the project of translating texts from Indonesian into English, which was carried out in May
2013. The translation products of this project by the ELESP students batch 2010 became the data source in the current research to investigate the syntactic
complexities in translating NPs.
47 In selecting the translations, purposive sampling was used. Patton 1990
explains that “qualitative inquiry focuses on small number of samples, even single sample, selected purposefully” p. 169. The purposive sampling is used to select
information-rich cases for study in depth Patton, 1990. Furthermore, Krippendorff 2004 adds that relevance sampling, as he mentions, aims at
selecting textual units that contribute to answer the research question p. 119. Specifically, the research employed purposeful random sampling, which focuses
on the credibility, not the representativeness Patton, 1990, p. 179. In this research, the translations were selected based on the score ranging
50-75 from three translation classes consisting of around sixty students of the ELESP batch 2010. It aimed to gain the translations containing many errors in the
NP structure. Finally, twelve printed texts of original and translated versions were obtained in November 2013.
To answer the research question, the selected data were INPs consisting of Noun Head + minimal 1 Mod. and the English translations. In particular, it was to
investigate the syntactic complexities in translating modified NPs from Indonesian into English. From twelve texts on Indonesian into English translation,
1044 data of NPs were found.
E. Data Analysis Technique
The technique on analyzing the data was described as the following. Modified NPs consisting of Noun Head + minimal 1 Mod. in the Indonesian
version were underlined, and so were the English version. To avoid any unnecessary repetition, the same NPs with the same structure in one text of
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