Speaking Instructional Design An Evaluation Collaborative Teaching Program

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F. Definition of Terms

Below are the definitions of terms used throughout the study:

1. Speaking

Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information. Florez, 1999: 1 In this study, the term speaking is defined as a process of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning.

2. Instructional Design

Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities Srinivas, 2008. In this study, the term instructional design is defined as the process of analyzing needs and goals and evaluation of materials and activity in a practical way to help both teachers and learners in the process of transferring knowledge effectively.

3. An Evaluation

Evaluation can be defined as an analytical process involving the collection and reduction of data of all or some phases of the instructional process and culminating in the synthesis of a report containing recommendations about 8 the instructional program Marsden, 1991. In this study, evaluation can be shown as a final result of the learning process. The evaluation of the course itself helps to asses whether the course objectives and the program are doing what they were designed to do. Through the evaluation which containing several reports about the learning and teaching progress; teachers, school, and the other educators can analyze the better quality of teaching.

4. Collaborative Teaching Program

According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, program itself can be defined as an educational course in which the material to be learnt is presented in small, carefully graded, amount. 1994: 995. From this definition, the writer redefined program in this study as a self instruction which is put into effect in a classroom situation. In addition, collaborative teaching itself is not only interesting and creative in the planning, but provides opportunities for teachers to share their expertise Minnett et al., 1997. According to this study, the term of collaborative teaching program can be seen as a situation where teachers and educators in team are looking forward to preparing and would not willingly return to prepare alone. They would much rather prepare with capable partners who know the students’ needs and understand the goals for learning.

5. The Twelfth Grade Students