Research Method Research Setting

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter elaborates the whole methodology of the research. Thus, this chapter will discuss the research method, research participants, research instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis, and research procedures.

A. Research Method

The study was a descriptive qualitative study that was carried out to evaluate a collaborative teaching program between Stella Duce 1 Senior High School and ELTI Yogyakarta. Thus, qualitative research usually employs the form of description to present data instead of the numbers. In this research, the data collected was in the form of statements. The statements gathered from the perceptions of teachers, students and the academic directors of ELTI Yogyakarta. In particular, this research was a survey study. According to Zimmerman and Rodrigues 1992: 106, “a survey is a process of collecting information from a group of people about a specific subject”. A survey is conducted to collect the opinions of a large group of people about a particular topic or issue. Furthermore, a survey could be conducted either quantitative or qualitative. In the explanation of Fraenkel and Wallen 1994: 344, “the purpose of survey study is to describe the characteristics of a population.” Moreover, a survey is usually conducted in two instruments: interview and questionnaire. Related to this study, the writer conducted a survey to evaluate collaborative teaching program between ELTI Gramedia and Stella Duce 1 senior high school Yogyakarta. According to Chelimsky 1997: 97-188 as cited in Hutchinson and Waters 1994, “evaluation is an aid to strengthen our practice, organization and programs.” Evaluation helps to show how well the course is actually fulfilling the need. Supporting the previous theory from Chelimsky, Hutchinson Waters 1987: 145 stated that, a program or course evaluation research that is supposed to be able to asses whether the course objectives are being met – whether the course, in other words, is doing what it was designed to do. Course evaluation also plays a useful social role, by showing the various parties involved teachers, learners, sponsors and so on that their views are important.

B. Research Participants

As a survey research, this study required a group of people as participants. Since the number of the participants should be limited to make it accessible, a sampling procedure was implemented. According to Fraenkel and Wallen 1994: 79, “sampling refers to the process of selecting individuals who will participate in the research.” The first task to survey was defining the population. In addition, Fraenkel and Wallen 1994:79 stated that population refers to all members of a particular group. To make it accessible to research, the population should be narrowed down into small group named sample. Fraenkel and Wallen 1994:79 also stated that sample is any group of individuals on whom information is obtained. In this research, the Academic Directors of ELTI Yogyakarta, the Assistant Principals of Stella Duce 1 Senior High School Yogyakarta, the English teachers of Stella Duce I Senior High School, the twelfth grade students of Stella Duce I Senior High School, and the English teachers of ELTI Yogyakarta who were involved in collaborative teaching program were chosen as the participants. The participants for the questionnaire were forty twelfth grade students of Stella Duce I Senior High School, two English teachers of Stella Duce I Senior High School, and ten ELTI English teachers. The participants for the interview were two Academic Directors of ELTI Yogyakarta and two Vice Principals of Stella Duce 1 Senior High School Yogyakarta. The writer considered the data result as a supporting data would support the primary data which was the questionnaire data result. This research implemented purposive sampling. The participants were chosen based on the information that were intended to be obtained. According to Ary et al. 2002: 168, “gathering the data from all of the population will be expensive and needs much time.”

1. The Academic Directors of ELTI Yogyakarta

The writer interviewed two Academic Directors of ELTI Yogyakarta as participants since the academic directors knew the characteristics of the program, students’ needs, materials, and the teaching learning process.

2. The Assistant Principals of Stella Duce I Senior High School

The writer conducted interview to the Vice Principals of Stella Duce I Senior High School Yogyakarta. The Vice Principal for Curriculum and the Vice Principal for Public Relations were chosen since they possessed the knowledge about the collaborative English teaching program’s background, the students’ needs, and the difficulties in learning speaking English in school.

3. The English Teachers of Stella Duce I Senior High School

The writer distributed questionnaire to two English teachers of Stella Duce I Senior High School Yogyakarta. They were chosen as participants since they knew the students’ characteristics, needs, performance in class, and difficulties in learning speaking.

4. The Twelfth Grade Students of Stella Duce I Senior High School

The twelfth grade students of Stella Duce 1 Senor High School Yogyakarta were the main participants of this study since the collaborative English teaching program were designed for them. The writer gave the students questionnaires to obtain information about their understanding and opinions about collaborative English teaching program, their needs and difficulties in learning speaking.

5. The English Teachers of ELTI Yogyakarta

In order to evaluate the collaborative teaching English program, the writer distributed questionnaires to the teachers and conducted class observation when those teachers taught in the collaborative English teaching program.

C. Research Setting

The collaborative teaching English program was conducted in the ELTI Yogyakarta class. In addition, the writer conducted this research in 22 nd September 2009 until 14 th October 2009.

D. Research Instruments