26 3.
Listing the Code-switching Cases on the Observation Checklist In this step, the researcher read the articles on the magazine and listed all
the code-switching cases found in the magazine. Since all the code-switching cases found were italicized, the process of listing was easier.
4. Analyzing the Types of Code-switching
The listed cases of code-switching found were analyzed and categorized based on the theory presented in Chapter Two. The code-switching cases were
categorized based on the designed checklist of types of code-switching. 5.
Identifying the Theoretical Reasons for Code-switching After analyzing the types of code-switching, the researcher identified the
theoretical reasons for code-switching found in the magazine based on the theories presented in the literature review. In this step, researcher’s personal interpretations
were used to identify the theoretical reasons for code-switching in the magazine. 6.
Making Conclusions Based on the Findings In this step, the researcher drew a conclusion based on the findings which
had been obtained. The conclusion was based on the research problems. The researcher’s interpretation played an important role toward the conclusion.
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the research result and discussion. This chapter is divided into two sections. They are code-switching cases and theoretical reasons
for code-switching phenomenon occur in Indonesian computer magazine InfoKomputer.
A. Code-switching Cases
In this section, the researcher classified and discussed the code-switching cases found based on their types. There were five types of code-switching used in
this research. The types of code-switching were based on Hoffman’s theory 1991. They were intra-word code-switching, intra-sentential code-switching,
inter-sentential code-switching, involving a word within a sentence code- switching, and emblematic code-switching. This section elaborates findings of
code-switching cases based on each type.
1. Intra-word Code-switching
The first type of code-switching is intra-word code-switching. Intra-word code-switching is code switching which occurs in the word level Hoffman,
1991:110. Total cases found in two editions of InfoKomputer magazines were 163. There were two sub-types of intra-word code-switching. The first was intra-
word which occurs in only a single word. The examples of this sub-type were
feature- nya, ber-chipset, meng-overclock, di-install, ter-backup, and meng-
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online- kan. The second sub-type included more than one word. The code-
switching happened in a word boundary. However, in order to make the words as meaningful terms, it consisted of more than one word. Most of those words were
in the form of noun phrases. The examples of this sub-type were feature power saver-
nya, aspect ratio-nya, response time-nya, social engineer-nya, and market place-
nya.
Table 4.1 The Occurrence of Intra-word Code-switching Cases
Editions Categories of the Articles
Advertisement Feature
News Opinion
January 2
53 26
13
February 40
23 6
Total Number
163
Table 4.1 above showed the number of intra-word code-switching occurrences which were found in two editions of InfoKomputer magazine. It
presented the number of code-switching cases in each category. The highest number of code-switching case was found in the feature article of the January
edition with total number of case were 53 cases. Meanwhile, the lowest number of code-switching cases was found in the advertisement of the February edition with
zero case.
a. Advertisement
In advertisements, two cases were found. Intra-word code-switching cases were only found in the January edition. Meanwhile, in the February edition there
was no code-switching occurred. Intra-word code-switching which happened were
keyboard- nya and di-manage.
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b. Feature
In feature articles there were a number of cases found. In the January edition, the researcher found 53 cases. Meanwhile, in the February edition, the
researcher found 40 cases. The researcher took five samples of intra-word which were in the five highest frequencies. Table 4.2 presented the sample of intra-word
code-switching cases of two editions of InfoKomputer magazine in feature articles as the five highest frequencies.
In the January edition the most frequent intra-word code-switching cases
were di-restore and meng-install which appeared five times. The word di- backup
appeared four times, the word ter-install appeared three times and ber- chipset
appeared twice. Meanwhile, in the February edition the words Ber- bitrate,
di-install, Meng-install, Pe-reset-an, and stand-nya all occurred twice.
Table 4.2 Sample of Intra-word Code-switching in Feature Articles
Editions Example of Cases
Occurrence
January
di-restore 5
meng-install 5
di-backup 4
ter-install 3
ber-chipset 2
February
ber-bitrate 2
di-install 2
meng-install 2
pe-reset-an 2
stand-nya 2
c.
News
In news articles, the researcher found several cases of intra-word code- switching. In the January edition, there were 26 cases. Meanwhile, in the February
