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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into six sections. The first section is research method implemented to conduct the research. The second section is research
setting which explains the setting where and when the research was conducted. The third section is data source containing the work analyzed in the research. The
fourth section is data gathering techniques. The fifth section is data analysis technique which describes the ways how the findings are analyzed to answer the
research questions. The last section is research procedures summarizing the steps in conducting the research.
A. Research Method
According to Leech 1983, pragmatics study is the study of meaning in relation to speech situations. Since the meanings of the metaphors dealt with the
context of the expressions, the pragmatics study will be conducted in this research. The metaphor phenomenon can be studied more in pragmatics since
metaphor is one of scopes in pragmatics. Pragmatics study will give insight of how utterances have meanings in situations.
Since this research focused not only on the specific numbers of meanings of the metaphors with drive, fly, and sink occurred in British National Corpus and
Corpus of Contemporary American English but also on the concrete example uses of drive, fly, and sink containing metaphorical meanings in British National
Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American English, the researcher used
22 content analysis as the research method. According to Berelson 1952, content
analysis is a research technique for the objective, systematic and quantitative description of the manifest content of communication. Krippendorf 2004 states
content analysis is a research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from texts or other meaningful matter to the contexts of their use. Works of art,
images, maps, sounds, signs, symbols, and even numerical records may be included as data and may be considered as texts. In this research, British National
Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American English became the source of recorded communication of written and spoken language. The results of this
research would be presented in the form of description. Thus, the descriptive approach was also applied in this research.
B. Research Setting
The researcher conducted the research from September 2012 until April 2013. The researcher collected the data on-line. There were two corpus sites taken
as the sources of data collection. The main sources to collect the data in this research were British National Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American
English. The place in conducting the research was the library of Sanata Dharma University.
C. Data Source
The data analyzed in this research were the meanings of the metaphors with drive, fly, and sink. This research also focused on the concrete example uses
of the verb drive, fly, and sink containing metaphorical meanings found in the British National Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American English. The
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