23
C. Research Participants
Ary, Jacobs, and Sorensen 2010 define population as to all members of any well-defined class of people, events, or objects p. 148. The population of
this research was the sixth semester students of the English Language Education Study Program ELESP of academic year 20082009 at Sanata Dharma
University who were taking Micro Teaching Course KPE 373 in academic year 20102011. There were seven classes of micro teaching class and there were 20 to
22 student teachers for each class. According to Ary, Jacobs, and Sorensen 2010, in purposive sampling-
also referred to as judgment sampling- sample elements judged to be typical, or representative, are chosen from the population p. 156. In this research, the
researcher took eight students who were conducting the teaching practice in Reading Class, Speaking Class, Listening Class, and Writing Class. While from
each class, the researcher observed two students as the representative of each class. Since there were four classes to be taught by the student teachers, therefore,
eight students were required. The respondents were purposively chosen based on the subject of the course at Sanata Dharma University that involved the productive
and receptive skills. They were reading and listening as receptive skills and speaking and writing as productive skills.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
In carrying out the data in the study, the researcher employed four instruments namely observation checklist, observation note, questionnaire, and
24 guiding questions for interview. The observation checklist see Appendix B
contained some points about what to be observed. The researcher attempted to discover any information about the classroom management conducted by the
ELESP student teachers and the classroom management problems occur in the student teachers teaching practice. In the first part of observation checklist close-
ended part helped the researcher to answer the first research question and the second part of observation open-ended part helped the researcher to answer the
second research question. The second instrument employed in this research was observation note
see Appendix H. The researcher attempted to discover the respondents’ teaching performance related to the classroom managements conducted by the ELESP
student teachers and also the classroom management problems occur in managing the classroom. Meanwhile, the observation note see Appendix H was employed
to help the researcher to answer the second research questions on the classroom management problems that occur in the student teachers teaching practice.
The third instrument employed in this research was questionnaire see Appendix D. It contained some questions that should be answered by the ELESP
student teachers. The questions were designed from the observation checklist in order to find out their own evaluation after conducting the teaching. The
questionnaire consisted of two different parts. The first part was close-ended questions which consisted of a set of statements where the respondents just
needed to give check mark or cross mark on the options given. Besides, the respondents could give additional information in the space provided. The second
25 part was open-ended questions which were a set of questions where the ELESP
student teachers could give their reason why problems occurred during the teaching activities and how they solved the problems, and also what classroom
management that they have conducted well. The close-ended part of questionnaire was aimed to help the researcher to answer the first research question while the
open-ended part to answer the second research question. The fourth instrument was guiding questions for interview. The guiding
questions for interview see Appendix F contained some questions that should be answered orally. The guiding questions for interview was employed in order to
ensure and cross-check the data of the researcher data from observation checklist and the data of the respondents data from the questionnaire about the classroom
management conducted by the ELESP student teachers. The guiding questions helped the researcher to answer research questions number one and two.
Having the instruments, the researcher employed some techniques to obtain the data required. The first was conducting the observation to eight
respondents in two different classes. They were two students of the ELESP student teachers who conducted teaching in Reading Class, two students taught at
Speaking Class, two students taught at Writing Class, and two students taught at Listening Class. The observations were aimed to discovering the classroom
management conducted by the ELESP student teachers and the classroom management problems occur in the student teachers teaching practice. Before the
observation was employed, the researcher explained to the respondents that the researcher would only observe the respondents’ performance in teaching. As a
26 result, the researcher observed eight student teachers on their teaching
performances and completed the observation checklist when the student teachers were teaching the lower semester students. The observations were conducted on
4
th
, 6
th
, 9
th
-11
th
, and 20
th
of May 2011 when the ELESP student teachers taught the lower semester students.
After the respondents conducted the teaching, the respondents were given the questionnaire as the second step. It was employed in order to gain the data
from the point of view from the respondents. The questionnaires were distributed to each ELESP student teacher after they conducted the teaching. It was aimed to
recall the student teachers’ teaching performance during the teaching activities. Therefore, the questionnaires were distributed to eight students on 4
th
, 6
th
, 9
th
-11
th
of May 2011. After the questionnaire and the observation checklist were completed, the
next step was examining the data from the respondents and the observation checklist. The researcher analyzed the data from the observation checklist and the
data from the questionnaires to find out the different data that the researcher obtained.
Then, the researcher conducted the guiding questions for interview to eight students of the ELESP student teachers on 14, 15, 17, and 20 June 2011, and 8
August 2011. The researcher conducted the guiding questions for interview in order to obtain more information and reason from the respondents about the
different data obtained by the researcher. In addition, guiding questions for
27 interview employed to ensure and cross-check the data taken in order to validate
the data of the researcher. After obtaining the data from guiding questions for interview, the
researcher examined the result of guiding questions for interview to be compared to the result of observation checklist and questionnaire data. Finding the data from
three instruments, the researcher employed the observation checklist result as the main data. While the result of questionnaire and guiding question for interview are
as means to help the researcher to find what components of classroom management are conducted and are not conducted. Meanwhile, the result from
observation note and open-ended parts of observation checklist and questionnaire are a means to help the researcher to find out the problems which occur in
managing the classroom.
E. Data Analysis Technique
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