Model and Teory MODEL, TEORY, DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND

Information and Communication Technology Seminar, Vol. 1 No. 1, August 2005 ISSN 1858-1633 2005 ICTS 145 ONLINE MOBILE TRACKING ON GEOGRAPHICS INFORMATION SYSTEM USING POCKET PC

M. Endi Nugroho

1 , Riyanarto Sarno 2 1 Informatics Dept, Institute Informatics Indonesia 2 Informatics Dept., Institute Technology Sepuluh November Surabaya Indonesia email: endiinformatics-group.com ABSTRACT This paper expands the existing technology that only read data GPS Global Positioning System for itself to describe it in Geographics Information System GIS on Pocket PC. It not only read GPS for itself but also can be monitored by other Pocket PC online because it uses WinSock to communicate. With that technology we can monitor every alteration at GPS destination online. This paper presents architecture for multiple Pocket PC that can look the position each other. Result application for this paper usefull for mankind purpose. For instance vehicle tracking, military purpose, traffic manajement, etc. Vehicle tracking is used for securing asset. Military purpose.for simulating stategy of soldiers, traffic management for arranging traffic jam. Keywords : GPS, GIS, win sock, tracking

1. INTRODUCTION

This paper research contains various technology. The technology are read GPS from Pocket PC use port data communication, communicate with other Pocket PC use Winsock technology, read data spatial from Pocket PC dan show the GPS point in the GIS map. In previous study Pocket PC read GPS and send it to web server, and other Pocket PC read web server to know the location of GPS Pocket PC. In this research we can expand the future and make user more satisfy with the pocket PC. The objective for this research are reading GPS data from Pocket PC and represent it on GIS map in the Pocket PC with the technology that mention on paragraph before. After that Pocket PC can communicate with other Pocket PC via Web Server with the result each Pocket PC can read other Pocket PC location without refresh or request to the web server. Because Win Sock can manage alteration of GPS data of Pocket PC and send it to other Pocket PC.

2. MODEL, TEORY, DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND

ANALISYS In this chapter we study about the model theory, design implementation and analisys of this paper. .

2.1. Model and Teory

Model architecture for this paper divide by two model. Model Architecture for hardware and model architecture for software. Model Architecture for hardware Figure 1. Model Architecture Hardware Pocket PC must have SD card IO, so it can add enhance accessories SD GPS. SD GPS just plug to SD IO Pocket PC. Pocket PC with GPS access GPRS to browse http web server and managed by WinSock to send to other Pocket PC that want to know position of Pocket PC with GPS. The pocket PC receive data from web server and represent it in GIS map. The Pocket PC can be multiple number so in GIS map will show m multiple point. Information and Communication Technology Seminar, Vol. 1 No. 1, August 2005 ISSN 1858-1633 2005 ICTS 146 Model Architecture for Software Figure 2. Model Architecture software Model architecture software divide by 2 site. First site on Pocket PC and the second on Web Server. In the Pocket PC there are GPS Reader that read data GPS on SD IO via comm. Port, Visualization of GIS that show the data spatial map on Pocket PC, Winsock client that communicate with other Pocket PC via HTTP - Web Server. In Web Server there are Winsock client that manage communication with Winsock client, and Web Application that connect Winsock Server to internet. Theory GPS Global Positioning System The Global Positioning System is a space based navigation system. A constellation of 24 satellites orbits earth every 12 hours at an altitude of 14,000 miles from the earths centre. Each satellite is armed with four atomic clocks, which keep the time to a superlative degree of accuracy. They each broadcast their precisely timed radio signals through the atmosphere and onto the earths surface at the speed of light. The signals from each satellite arrive at any particular point on or above the earths surface at slightly different times. This timing is proportional to the distance between the satellite and that particular point. Thus each radio beam acts as a 20,200 km 10,900 nm long ruler. How does it work ? Trigonometry The receiver contains a sensitive antenna and a timetable or almanac for the satellites. It measures the time difference between the arrivals of the signals and compares it with the timetable. With the application of trigonometry, the longitude, latitude and altitude of the receiver can be calculated. As with all trigonometric calculations, three satellites are needed to calculate the longitude and latitude, and a fourth satellite is needed to calculate the altitude. Further satellites simply increase the accuracy. Datum’s Further computations are needed to take into account the fact that the world is not that round, but is an oblate spheroid that is very slightly pear shaped Also known as a geoid, or the mean earth surface. This is fundamentally important if a GPS receiver is being used to read or make a map to within 1000 meter accuracy. The most successful attempt to flatten the geoid into a map is the WGS 84 datum, which splits the globe up into 60 zones, each 6 degrees wide, and projects them onto a flat surface with the Universal Transverse Mercator UTM projection. Most countries have their own datums Like the British National Grid, as used by the Ordinance Survey, and some countries like Oman have two datums because of changes in sphericity in different parts of the country. This can cause much confusion. When setting up a GPS for map reading the most important thing to do for accuracy is to set up the grid and the datum. On any map worth its salt, this is written somewhere in the border of the map. Selective Availability As GPS is currently sustained and operated by the U.S. Department of Defense DOD, selective availability where civilian receivers accuracy was limited to over 150 metres but military receivers accuracy was less than 4 metres was ended by President Clinton in 2000. For the time being civilian GPS is as accurate as military GPS, however, military GPS machines are considerably heavier and the buttons are very difficult to press indeed. Who uses GPS? GPS is used to support land, sea, and airborne navigation, surveying, geophysical exploration, mapping and geodesy, conservation research, habitat modelling, vehicle location systems, farming, transportation systems, archaeology, mountaineering, fishing and a wide variety of other additional applications, such as logistic regression modeling of multi temporal Thematic Mapper data for burnt area mapping and a lot of more. Format Data GPS Format Data GPS or it is called “Sentence” data GPS is received if we access GPS port. The ane format of data GPS is NMEA. For example : GPRMC,010405,V,0717.1526,S,11244.75 45,E,0.291,309.5,160999,0.9,E7E 1. first word GPRMC is the first string of NMEA format. 2. Second word 010405 is format that show current time in GMT Greenwhich, so in Indonesia we must add 7 3. Thirdth word V 4. Fourth word 0717.1526 is format that show lintang 5. Fiveth word S is format that show the device in South S or NorthN in the world 6. Sixth word 11244.7545 is format that show bujur Online Mobile Tracking on Geographics Information System Using Pocket PC – M. Endi Nugroho Riyanarto Sarno ISSN 1858-1633 2005 ICTS 147 7. Seventh word E is format that show the device in East E or West W in the world 8. Eight word 160999 is format that show current date, first second alfabet show date, secod second alfabet show month, last second alfabet show year. GIS Geographic Information Systems Geography is information about the earths surface and the objects found on it, as well as a framework for organizing knowledge. GIS is a technology that manages, analyzes, and disseminates geographic knowledge. GIS is a technology that is used to view and analyze data from a geographic perspective. The technology is a piece of an organizations overall information system framework. GIS links location to information such as people to addresses, buildings to parcels, or streets within a network and layers that information to give you a better understanding of how it all interrelates. You choose what layers to combine based on your purpose. Figure 3. Within a few hours of the destruction of Space Shuttle Columbia, GIS accurately modeled the shuttles debris location and distribution. Three Views of a GIS A GIS is most often associated with maps. A map, however, is only one of three ways a GIS can be used to work with geographic information. These three ways are: The Database View: A GIS is a unique kind of database of the world—a geographic database geodatabase. It is an Information System for Geography. Fundamentally, a GIS is based on a structured database that describes the world in geographic terms. Figure 4. Sample GIS map The Map View: A GIS is a set of intelligent maps and other views that show features and feature relationships on the earths surface. Maps of the underlying geographic information can be constructed and used as windows into the database to support queries, analysis, and editing of the information. Figure 5. Sample GIS application The Model View: A GIS is a set of information transformation tools that derive new geographic datasets from existing datasets. These geoprocessing functions take information from existing datasets, apply analytic functions, and write results into new derived datasets. Winsock WinSock version 1.1 has been the standard since its release in January of 1993, and has exceeded its authors original intent to provide a powerful and flexible API for creating universal TCPIP applications. Some have argued that it was an unsung hero in the Internets phenomenal success, as it enabled the creation of a single network appliation-- like Netscapes browser, for example--to run on the many TCPIP stacks for PCs that existed at the time. Since those early days, the PC network industry has changed completely: The many TCPIP vendors have all but disappeared after their software was replaced by Microsofts free TCPIP implementations built into the operating systems. The Internet has continued to explode in popularity, as have the number of applications that depend on WinSock and they have changed as they diversified. Applications have become more demanding of Internet services. As a result, the Internet itself is changing, evolving. The Grand Convergence of phone, radio and television networks to the Internet Protocols IP is underway. So, of course, it comes as no surprise that WinSock-- the APIs--have undergone change also. Specifically, in support for the new Internet concept of Quality of Service QoS. But thats not all. The authors of Windows Sockets version 1.1 originally limited the scope of the API specification to TCPIP primarily, but this focus did not preclude the possibility that WinSock--like its Berkeley Sockets Model--could support other protocol suites. Windows Sockets version 2.0 WinSock 2 formalizes the API for a number of other protocol suites-- ATM, IPXSPX, and DECnet--and allows them to coexist simultaneously. WinSock 2 also adds substantial new functionality. Most importantly, it does all this and still retains full backward compatibility with the Information and Communication Technology Seminar, Vol. 1 No. 1, August 2005 ISSN 1858-1633 2005 ICTS 148 existing 1.1--some of which is clarified further--so all existing WinSock applications can continue to run without modification the only exception are WinSock 1.1 applications that use blocking hooks, in which case they need to be re-written to work without them.. WinSock 2 goes beyond simply allowing the coexistence of multiple protocol stacks, in theory it even allows the creation of applications that are network protocol independent. A WinSock 2 application can transparently select a protocol based on its service needs. The application can adapt to differences in network names and addresses using the mechanisms WinSock 2 provides. Winsock Architecture The authors of WinSock version 1.1 deliberately limited its scope in the name of expediency. One result of this is the simple architecture of WinSock 1.1. A single WINSOCK.DLL or WSOCK32.DLL provides the WinSock API, and this DLL talks to the underlying protocol stack via a proprietary programming interface. This works fairly well since v1.1 WinSock only supports one protocol suite-- TCPIP--and most computers running Windows have only a single network interface. However, this WinSock 1.1 architecture limits a system to only one WinSock DLL active in the system path at a time. As a result, it is not easy to have more than one WinSock implementation on a machine at one time. There are legitimate reasons to want multiple WinSock implementations. For example, one might want a protocol stack from one vendor over the Ethernet connection and a different vendors stack over the Serial Line. WinSock 2 has an all-new architecture that provides much more flexibility. The new WinSock 2 architecture allows for simultaneous support of multiple protocol stacks, interfaces, and service providers. There is still one DLL on top, but there is another layer below, and a standard service provider interface, both of which add flexibility. WinSock 2 adopts the Windows Open Systems Architecture WOSA model, which separates the API from the protocol service provider. In this model the WinSock DLL provides the standard API, and each vendor installs its own service provider layer underneath. The API layer talks to a service provider via a standardized Service Provider Interface SPI, and it is capable of multiplexing between multiple service providers simultaneously. The following sketch illustrates the WinSock 2 architecture. Figure 6. Architecture of Winsock Note that the WinSock 2 specification has two distinct parts: the API for application developers, and the SPI for protocol stack and namespace service providers. Notice also that the intermediate DLL layers are independent of both the application developers and service providers. These DLLs are provided and maintained by Microsoft and Intel. And lastly, notice that the Layered Service Providers would appear in this illustration one or more boxes on top of a transport service provider. 3. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 3.1. General Design