53 data. In this case, the researcher employed informal and formal methods of data
presentation as proposed by Sudaryanto 1993. According to him, informal refers to the method of presenting the analyzed data using words while formal methods refer
to the presentation of the analyzed data using symbols, diagrams, figures, and tables artificial language. With regard to this, the data were presented in the forms of
phrases and sentences that are put in tables.
D. Research Instruments
The main instrument in this study is the researcher himself. In this case, the researcher reads the transcribed data carefully. Then, the researcher analyzed the
types of illocutionary acts found in Jokowi ’s speeches, the reasons of performing
such illocutionary acts, and the possible perlocutionary effects of the dominant type of illocutionary acts. The second instrument is the data sheets. The data sheet is used
to record the types of illocutionary acts in Jokowi ’s speeches. The format of the data
sheet is ilustrated below.
Table 3. The Data Sheet of The Types of Illocutionary Acts Found in Jokowi ’s
Speeches
Data Code : I
Context of situation : The President of the Republic of Indonesia, Jokowi,
Gave a Speech in APEC CEO Summit 2014 Note. Ass : Assertives
Exp : Expressives
Dir : Directives Dec : Declaratives
Com : Commissives
54
No Speech excerpts
acts Illocutionary acts
Ass Dir Com Exp Dec
E. The trustworthiness of the data
There are four criteria to check the trustworthiness in qualitative research namely, credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability Moleong,
2000. In this study, credibility and dependability are applied to achieve the trustworthiness of the data. Credibility is the criterion to fulfill the truth-value of the
data collected Syamsudin and Damaianti, 2007. This means that the result of the study must be able to be trusted by all readers critically. With regard to this, the
researcher read, reread, and observe the data carefully and comprehensively to obtain the credibility of the data.
Dependability is the criterion used to value whether the process of the qualitative research is qualified or not, and to check if the researcher has successfully
conceptualized her research plan, collected the data, and interpreted them or there are still many mistakes in them Syamsudin and Damaianti, 2007. The dependability of
the data was achieved by triangulation technique. Triangulation is a method for establishing reliability by checking propositions more often. The triangulation is
applied by discussing the data with the advisors and asking friends who are knowledgeable about this research to confirm the research data. Also, the researchers
compared the data from one source with another source for instance the transcription PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
55 of the speech. Instead of trascribing the video of the speech directly, the researcher
also the downloaded the transcription of the speech from the internet to cross check
the data in this research.
56
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
