Population and Sample Data Analysis

27

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part covers the analysis of the first problem formulated which is equivalence translation seen from functionalist approach. The analysis is assessed byBoleslav’scommunicative effectiveness theory 2005 that uses field, mode and tenor as deeper guide of text analysis in order to find the functional aspects of 30 translation data compared back to its source version. The second part covers the analysis of acceptability that studieshow texts which are considered acceptable in its native context. The analysis isgarnered from discussion of questionnaires filled in by 30 respondents using Nababan’s score and category in acceptability.

1. The Translation Equivalence Assessment Using Communicative Effectiveness

The analysis of translation equivalence assessment is divided into groups of grade as result of Field, Mode and Tenor examination into 8 different resolutions, which are: √√√, √XX, √√X, √X√, X√√, X√X, XX√, and XXX. As noted in the column above, there has already been a sequence of Field, Mode, and Tenor in the following orders. In details, √ indicates that source and target texts have the same analysis results, meanwhile X indicates that the analysis does not result the same. 28 To note down, all modes in text analyses apparently have the same result. All of TT modes are equivalent to ST modes because the data are book titles that use written language.

a. Equivalent Translation

The equivalent translation of the first problem formulation this study is marked by field, mode and tenor that appear positive or the same as the source text √√√. Based on the analysis below, there are 7 equivalent translations of fictional book titles in Indonesian contexts as a result.

1. The Target Text Has the Same Field, Mode and Tenor as the Source Text i.

Data 2 Code ST TT Field Mode Tenor 2STThG DMFKB Dead Man’s Folly Kubur Berkubah √ √ √ In the analysis of Field, “dead man” in ST and “kubur” grave in TT are dictions that influence text equivalence. Moreover, “berkubah”domedand “folly” that are intriguing details in both texts that are put for clues of mystery. Therefore, as the dictions could relate to each other, the expression and ideas are also conveyed equivalently as well. In the analysis of mode, both texts show the same lexical density for 1 point indicating that the text is spontaneous. ST title has word “folly” as interactivity that signifies readers’ interest to see more of what the word means in text. Moreover, TT title functions dictions “kubur” grave and “berkubah” doomedas the interactivity. Those words combined signify thriller rather than ST title has. 29 The third analysis talks about tenor. Both ST and TT have the same tenor four using impersonalization. Both texts also put negative meanings in the dictions which relates to thriller stuff and impression of clues or such cases. ST uses “dead man” and “folly”; meanwhile, ST uses “kubur”. In addition, the evaluative expression used by ST and TT are triggered attitude as well. That is used by the author and translator to create titles with the meaning of words and its relation of content that encourages readers to imply more. ii. Data 6 Code ST TT Field Mode Tenor 6STThG SCMTB Sad Cypress Mawar Tak Berduri √ √ √ In the field analysis, ST uses dictions “sad” and “cypress” that signifies for mourning and great loss. Meanwhile, TT uses dictions “mawar” rose and “tak berduri” spineless that are combined altogether signifies for weakness. In the term of field, both titles reflect the ugly experiences in interpreting the same idea, especially the adjective dictions “sad” and “tak berduri” chosen are quite contrasted to the nouns “cypress” and “mawar”. Secondly, for the mode of text, ST has 1 point and TT has 0.7 point for lexical densities indicate that both texts are spontaneous. In ST word “cypress” and “sad” are used to make an emphasis of pessimistic ambience in story. Meanwhile, TT title uses “mawar” rose combined with “tak berduri” spineless that appears as unfamiliar knowledge for “rose” to have “spineless” character. Those all become the mystery point as text interactivity. 30 Thirdly, in analysis oftenor, both texts appear as impersonalization since there is no subjectivity. Furthermore, ST uses word “cypress” and “sad” which carry meaning for ‘mourning and unhappiness’ to construct a negative attitude in text. Similar to ST, the lexical choices of TT are “tak berduri” spineless and “mawar” rose. They instantly have different meanings to imply. The word “tak berduri” is positively means no harm. However, when translator uses that word combined with “mawar”, it becomes negative in meaning that the rose has no strength to protect itself. Hence, both titles are included in triggered attitude since there is a lot to imply more. iii. Data 12 Code ST TT Field Mode Tenor 12STThG DCELD Death Comes as the End Ledakan Dendam √ √ √ The analysis of field, ST uses the word “death” and “end” as the highlights of title. Those words make the impression of intrigue and put the text into thriller shelves. Meanwhile, TT title has “ledakan” explosion that stresses impression of how big the word “dendam” revenge functions in text. Moreover, in the term of field, two data show that both titles actually relate to each since with dictions “death”, “end” and “dendam” that relate in meanings. Next, the second analysis talks about mode in which ST has 0.6 point and TT has 1 point for lexical density which indicates that both texts are spontaneous. Furthermore, ST keeps the word “death” as interactivity to make title like the kind of threat. In TT title, based on “ledakan” explosion and “dendam” revenge, it 31 shows to an allusion to which “revenge” has implied meaning to. It also becomes the interactivity that interest readers since it is included in thriller terms. Moreover, the third analysis is about tenor which ST and TT take impersonalization which press to the objectivity of text. Furthermore, for stance of lexical choices, the word “death” and “end” in ST represent negative meanings that the author uses to create such feeling of negative attitude due to thriller fiction. Meanwhile the word that stands out the most in TT is “revenge” which already brings negative meanings, then noun “explosion” added, it makes an emphasis used by the translator to construct negative attitude. Therefore, the evaluative expression is used in ST and TT are assumed attitude as well, since the title is built in the form of main idea. Thus, tenor in this data is equivalent. iv. Data 15 Code ST TT Field Mode Tenor 15STThG OBIMRH Ordeal by Innocence Mata Rantai yang Hilang √ √ √ In analysis of field, ST title uses “ordeal” means s a very difficult situation which is a general word that represents the usual plot of thriller. Meanwhile, TT title takes dictions “Mata Rantai” linkthat also match the detective or mystery term. Added by the diction, “yang Hilang” missing that gives impression for riddles. Moreover, by the dictions chosen for ST and TT, “ordeal” could be represented by “mata rantai yang hilang” as the description of situation. Therefore, both texts are equivalent. Moreover, the second analysis is about mode in which ST has 0.7 point and TT has1 point for lexical density.Diction “innocence”, “ordeal” and “Mata