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structures constructed. Therefore, a title is effective as possible that is able to attract target readership as well as produces intended result.
8. Back Translation
According to Harkness and Glusberg 1998, back translation involves the translation of a text which itself is a translation back into the original language. It
is most commonly used and recommended as a way to asses translation work. Werner Campbell, 1970. Back translation also could be used as the translator
assessment. It is used to bridge the translation of SL and TL in comparison of word meaning.
C. Theoretical Framework
The definition of translation based on Nida and Taber, and with translation quality assessments cover equivalence and acceptability aspects by Bassnett,
Hatim and Durisin stated in Bassnett’s book with the addition of
functionalfunctionalist approachfunctionalism stated from Christiane Nord and practical guide for functional text analysis by Boleslav which also covering for
communicative effectiveness; and field, mode and tenor are the basic understanding to the topic being discussed in this study. Along with the theory of
lexical density and back translation, the translation analysis is also assessed by those theories to accomplish objectives.
To begin, the theory of Translation by Nida and Taber is very essential in elaborating what and how translator and translation need to translate with the
naturalist work. Relating to this study, the theory of equivalence and its type re- stated by Bassnett is needed to assess the first problem solving. In addition, the
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acceptability theory by Hatim and Durisin help the writer to the understanding on the formality of ‘what is called acceptability’ and its importance. Furthermore,
using the appliance of Nababan’s acceptability indicator and simplified category is to assess the data in this research.
FunctionalFunctionalist ApproachFunctionalism is the third theory used in this study that covers most of the work. The importance of this approach is to
assess the traslation compentence and help the writer finding equivalence of ST and TT marking the the accomplishment of translation and its communicative
effectiveness that also, later on becoming the additional theory. Field, Mode and Tenor which are a part of functionalist approach are the categorization that is used
to assess the approach in analysis. Thus, these last theory, approach and qualifications are very useful in answering the first problem formulation.
Lastly, lexical density is used to assess the equivalence analysis. It deals with the spontaneity that is included in the method on solving the first problem.
On the other hand, back translation takes a part in assessing the analysis in the first and second formulations. It is a tool in this study to find the ‘functional’
aspect in texts.
