perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. They created fast, hard-edged music, typically with short songs, stripped-down
instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. 3
Glam Rock Glam rock emerged out of the English psychedelic and art rock
scenes of the late 1960s and can be seen as both an extension of and reaction.
4 Alternative Rock
Alternative rock is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely
popular by the 1990s. the ‗alternative‘ definition refers to the genre‘s distinction from mainstream rock music, expressed
primarily in a distorted guitar sound, transgressive lyrics and generally nonchalant, defiant attitude.
B. Review of Relevant Research Studies
This part deals with the previous related studies. Based on the theoretical review, the researcher would use music Alternative Rock to be Specified to
improve the students‘ speaking skills. Music has been proven to improve students speaking skill in the context of English teaching and learning. Several studies
about using music in teaching speaking have been conducted by some researchers. Smith 2002 stated that the use of songs in the foreign language classroom
may aid memory of text. The results evidenced that the occurrence of the din is
increased with music, and therefore may be a more efficient way to stimulate language acquisition.
Meanwhile, Kayi 2006 concluded that teaching speaking is very important part of second language learning. The ability to communicate in a second
language clearly and efficiently contributes to the success of the students in class and success later outside the class. Therefore, it is essentially for teachers for pay
attention to the teaching learning process of speaking rather than leading in memorization.
In addition, Medina 2002 said that the use of music in teaching English classroom can give positive effect to the students. Based on the two best known
Krashen‘s hypotheses 1982, from his five, are the ‗Input‘ and ‗Affective filter‘ hypotheses. ―According to Krashen‘s Input Hypothesis, new, unfamiliar
vocabulary is acquired when its significance is made clear to the learner. Meaning is conveyed by providing extralinguistic support such as illustrations, actions,
photos, and realia. This in turns results in what Krashen refers to as ‗comprehensible input‘ since the linguistic input is made comprehensible to the
second language learner‖. In the ‗Affective Filter‘ hypotheses, Krashen says that ―the extent to which linguistic input is received from the environment largely
depends upon the learner‘s ‗affect‘, that is his inner feelings and attitude. Negative emotions, functioning much like a filter, can prevent the learner from making total
use of the linguistic input from his environment. Therefore, if he is anxious, unmotivated, or simply lacks confidence, language acquisition will be limited.
Music evokes positive emotions which can lower the ‗affective filter‘ and bring about language acquisition.‖
Based on the result of the previous studies, it is concluded that using music, in this case is alternative rock songs can improve stude
nts‘ speaking skill. Therefore, this is worth to be conducted and expected to give some positive
contributions for both English teacher and the students.
C. Conceptual Framework
