36 only focused on the five first steps in RD cycle because in this research, the
researcher only designed and implemented a set of English speaking materials for a certain school. The researcher used RD steps as the basic process of designing
a set of English speaking materials and the researcher’s design model was under RD steps. The combination of RD steps Borg Gall, 1983, p.773 and the
researcher’s design model are as follows:
1. Research and information collecting
The researcher applied three phases of the researcher’s design model under this step of RD. The three first steps of the researcher’s design model were
identifying the goal, conducting instructional analysis, and analyzing the learners’ characteristics. The goal of this study was to design a set of English
speaking materials for the eleventh grade social science students of SMA N 1 Depok. The instructional analysis and the learners’ characteristics analysis were
conducted through classroom observations, interviewing the English teacher and distributing questionnaires to the students. Based on the collected data, finally, the
researcher was able to design an appropriate set of materials for the eleventh grade social science students of SMA N 1 Depok.
2. Planning
The researcher applied the fourth phase of the researcher’s design model which was identifying learning objectives under the second step of RD steps. In
this step, the researcher formulated the learning objectives based on the collected data.
37
3. Develop preliminary form of product
The fifth, sixth, and seventh phases of the researcher’s design model are developing assessment, developing strategy, and developing materials. Those
three phases of the researcher’s design model were under the third step of RD steps. In this step, the researcher chose or designed the appropriate assessments,
strategies, and materials based on the collected data.
4. Preliminary field testing
In this step, the researcher applied the eighth phase of the researcher’s design model, which were evaluating and implementing the materials, under this
RD step. The researcher evaluated the designed materials by asking the feedback from an English teacher of SMA N 1 Depok and a PBI lecturer of Sanata
Dharma University. Moreover, the evaluation is from the materials which were implemented to the eleventh grade social science students of SMA N 1 Depok.
5. Main product revision
