41
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This research is a kind of classroom action research CAR that tries to solve the problems of classroom activity especially in the teaching and learning
process of writing based on the preliminary observations and interviews, so this research is categorized as action research. Lodico et al. 2010:313 mentioned that
action research is a type of research that aims to enact immediate changes in an educational setting.
Meanwhile Mc Niff and Whitehead 2002: 39 said that the focus of action research is observing behavior and explaining the result of the observation. The
act of observing behavior can be assumed as the way the observer found the problem in the classroom.
A. Subjects of the Research
The participants of the research were the teacher, the observer, me, and the
students of the Eighth grade of SMP 2 Padangan as the subject of research.
The subjects of the research were 34 students of VIII B class of SMP N 2 Padangan. Therefore this class was chosen as the subjects of the study after
conducted the discussion with the English teacher. The research was conducted collaboratively by all research team members. This study involved me, the
English teacher, and the students of VIII B class of SMP N 2 Padangan.
42
B. Research Setting
This action research was carried out in October, 2014 and conducted in VIII B class of SMP N 2 Padangan, located on Jl. Raya Surabaya 43 Padangan,
Bojonegoro. In the classroom there were two white boards and an attendance board.
There were also the organization chart of the class and the schedules for cleaning the class hung on the wall, 19 tables and 35 chairs.
C. Time of the Research
The study was conducted in the first semester of the academic year of 2014 2015. Then, the action was conducted from October to November 2014. I
carried out the actions based on the school schedule, especially the English schedule of VIII B class of SMP N 2 Padangan.
D. Procedure of the Research
To conduct this action research, I followed the action research steps suggested by Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 2010:9. The action research
model can be seen below:
43
Figure 1: Action Research Model by Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 2010:9
1 Reconnaissance
In this first step the school problems were found and analyzed. In this study, the teaching and learning process was observed, giving questionnaire and
conducting interviews with some students of class VIII B of SMP N 2 Padangan and the English teachers, and holding discussions with the school principal.
Based on the observations, the questionnaire, the interviews, and the discussions, the existing problems were classified. They were problems related to
the teaching techniques of the teacher, the activities of the teaching and learning process and the material given during the teaching and learning process.
2 Planning
In this step, the collaborator namely the English teacher, and the school principal, were joining to prepare the plans to be implemented. The preparations
were conducted
such as
creating the
comic strips
panel form
44
httpwww.bitstrips.com, choosing materials from many sources, giving comic strips, handouts and tasks for the students.
3 Action
In this stage, the action was taken after the action plans agreed by the involved members of the research were implemented. They were implemented in
two cycles. Together with the collaborator, the students’ reactions were observed
during the activities, giving questionaire and did the interview with some students of VIII B class of SMP 2 Padangan after the English lesson. Based on the
observation, field notes, an interviews, the involved members discussed the implemented actions and analyzed the result. The result of the discussion was
used as the evaluation that would be used to improve the next actions.
4 Reflection
This phase is an evaluation. The reflection was done every time after the implementation of the actions. All involved members in the research made the
reflection. Each member contributed to the reflection on the taken actions. The successful actions were continued in the next teaching and learning process but
the unsuccessful actions were modified into the ones that were more suitable.
E. Data Collection Technique and Analysis
Kategori