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However, not all target language native speakers can be respondents of acceptability because each text has its own target readers. Therefore, it needs
proper target reader to measure the level of acceptability of a translation text. Based on those reasons, the researcher limited this research only in the
accuracy and acceptability of a novel ―
Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows
‖ and its translation. Since this book does not mention the specific target readers,
therefore the researcher decided only to analyze its accuracy and acceptability.
2.7. Definition of Sentence
There are many definitions about ‗sentence’ said by the linguistics such as Marcella Frank who states that
―a sentence is a full predication containing a subject plus a predicate with finite verb. The classifications of sentence are:
declarative sentence statement, interrogative sentence question, imperative sentence command request, exclamatory sentence exclamation
‖ 1972, p: 22. While Joseph C. Blumenthal et all, define a sentence as
―a group of words expressing a completed thought and containing at least a verb and its subject
‖ 1983, p: 248.
From the definition by Blumenthal above, we can conclude that a sentence, at least, consists of a subject and a predicate and expresses a complete
thought. The subject of a sentence,, according to Blumenthal, is something about
which a statement is made 1983, p: 250. It can be a noun or any word or group of words substituting for a noun. Meanwhile, Hodges in Harbrace College
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Handbook defines subject as ―a basic grammatical division of a sentence. Subject
is a noun or noun substitute about which something is asserted or asked in the predicate. It usually precedes the predicate
‖ 1984, p: 555. In order to complete a good sentence, a subject is always followed by the
predicate, which according to House and Harman, ―predicate is the word or group
of words denoting that which is said of the subject ‖ 1950, p: 12. The predicate
may only be a finite verb, or it may be a finite verb with its complements and modifiers.
2.8. Classification of Sentence
According to Warriner in his book
English Grammar and Composition
, sentences are classified into to which are according to structure and according to
meaning. These classifications are discussed in the following paragraphs. 1.
Classification of sentence according to structure a.
A simple sentence is one that consists of a single independent clause and no subordinate clauses. The simple sentence always contains one subject
and one verb. Example: The manager supervises the running program.
b. A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses that are related
in thought and joined by one or more coordinating conjunctions. Example: The manager is rewriting the instruction, and he will submit his
draft to the board of directors for approval.
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c. The complex sentence is one that consists of at least one independent clause
and one or more dependent clauses. Major emphasis is placed on the independent clause and the dependent clause gains its meaning from the
independent clause. The clauses in a complex sentence that has only two clauses are joined by a subordinating conjunction.
Example: You earn money while you work. d.
A compound-complex sentence consists of a compound sentence one with two or more independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Example: Some of the employees who worked during the war years have retired, but many of them are still employed in the same office
1958, p: 81. 2.
Classification of sentence according to meaning a.
A declarative sentence is one that makes a statement. Such a sentence ends with
a period. The
normal grammatical
order of the parts of a declarative sentence is the subject first followed by the
predicate with all its modifiers. Example: I found her book on my desk.
b. An imperative sentence is one that gives a command or makes a request.
The subject of an imperative sentence is seldom expressed. The word you, understood, is the subject when a subject is not used. A period is normally
used at the end of an imperative sentence; however, it may be followed by an exclamation point if it is an emphatic command.
Examples: - Read that exercise.
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- Close the door
c. An interrogative sentence is one that asks a question.
The normal grammatical order of the words is inverted in an interrogative sentence and the sentence may begin with either a verb or an adverb with
the subject following. An interrogative sentence ends with a question mark.
Examples: - Did you hear the bell sound? -
Where did you file the incoming letter? d.
An exclamatory sentence is a complete sentence that expresses surprise, excitement, or other strong emotion. The order of the sentence is generally
inverted —the subject and verb are placed near the end. An exclamatory
sentence ends with an exclamation point. Examples: - What a storm that was
- How wonderful that is for you 1958, p: 41
However, if the speaker shows strong feeling when making a statement, asking a question, or giving a command then the speaker’s sentence is
exclamatory. Examples: - I won the prize
- Wasn’t he funny
- Help Call the ambulance
In other words, when the declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences are expressed with strong feelings fear, anger, excitement, dread,
joy, delight, etc. they can be called exclamatory.
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2.9. Style
