Conversation 17, line 11-13 : “ si Ade ini tah kenapa lah, ditanya any problem, no
katanya.”
“badmood, badmood” “badmood have reason”.
In this example, the first speaker wonder why her friend being so queer today. She is so quite and looks angry. She asks her through a statement “ditanya any problem, no
katanya”. Then the other speaker comments on it “badmood,badmood”. And the speaker comments with “badmood have reason”. This examples is clearly a topic-comment because
they are comment on other speaker sentence by the same language.
c. Reiteration
When a bilingual wants to clarify hisher speech so that it will be understood more by the
listener, heshe can sometimes use both of the languages that he masters saying the same utterance the utterance is said repeatedly. This case also happens in the conversation, for
examples :
conversation 14, line 69-70 : “ish, kakak ini, you are so dirty” “you are so foul”
In this example, there are two speakers. They are protest for what a girl that they called ‘kakak’ do. The first speaker says that she is so dirty and the second speaker repeat what the first
speaker means by using other word ‘foul’. It has the same meaning with dirty, so the second speaker says that to clarify their dislikeness.
Conversation 2, line 26 : “bukan makan bakso Arema.. it is not mean that we are eating bakso Arema. No….”
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This example shows that the speaker try to clarify his speech by using a word ‘no’ to change the utterance ‘it is not mean’. Although it is a different form and contain, but it has a same
meaning.
d. Quotations
Quotations usually make a bilingual mix or switch their language. Because we can not change the form and the contain of the quotations. In these conversations, there are some
quotations. For example :
conversation 17, line 44 : “if you want to leave me, let me alone”
this sentence is actually someone’s sentence. The speaker says that to insinuate her friend. Because, after that one of the sample says “kena.. siapa dulu yang ngomong gitu?”.
e. Hedging
In some cases, people can also find that code mixing and switching can also soften a speech. For Indonesian people, mixing and switching bahasa Indonesia into English can also
soften a request because English is not their native tongue so it does not sound as direct as bahasa Indonesia. The only example in this research is :
conversation 8, line 20 : “ kayaknya ini uang haram kan, aku ga mungkin berkecimpung di
dunia ini terus. Udah saatnya, hey you have to stop, gitu kan. Kira-
kira apa yang bisa dijual..” In this example, the speaker explains why he sells mobile phone account to his
friends. The sentence “kayaknya ini uang haram” is just a joke. That is why he uses the sentence “hey you have to stop” to soften his speech because in Bahasa Indonesia, ‘have to’
means ‘harus’ that sounds very strong and people can think that what he says is true. In English, have to is more soft that must that means ‘harus’ in Bahasa Indonesia as well.
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f. Interjections
