the target language. Free modulation is translation procedure that supposes to explain the meaning, to obtain the relation meaning between SL and TL and also
to achieve the equivalence meaning as natural as SL. It occurs when a word or phrase is translated differently as a word as a meaning itself. For examples the
word enhanced, the true meaning of enhanced is dipertinggi
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but in promotion text it is translated dilengkapi.
3. Adaptation
Adaptation is also known as a free translation, is translation procedure whereby the translator replaces a social, or cultural, reality in the source text with
a corresponding reality in the target text; this new reality would be more usual to the audience of the target text.
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It is the freest translation where the translator must create a new situation which is considered has equivalence, modifying the
concept but it is not beyond the purpose. Therefore, it is considered as equivalence, a situational equivalence. In adaptation something specific to the
source language culture is expressed in a totally different way that is familiar or appropriate to the target language culture. Sometimes it is valid, and sometimes it
is problematic, to say the least.For example the word product is translated into produk
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.
4. Borrowing
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John M. Echols and Hasan Sadily, Kamus Inggris Indonesia, Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1976, p. 214
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www.faculty.ksu.edu.saskarehLists...5Translation procedures.doc
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Frans Sayogie 2009, p. 70-74
Borrowing is a translation procedure whereby the translator uses a word or expression from the source text in the target text. Borrowings are normally printed
in italics if they are not considered to have been naturalized in the target language
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. It is the simplest of all translation methods. It is an adoption of a linguistic expression from another language; or the taking over of words from
other language. The lexical borrowing is called loan word. There are two kinds of borrowings, namely total adopting and partial adopting. Total adopting refers to
taking over the words from other languages without any phonological adaptation. For example: vitamin is translated into vitamin. Partial adopting refers to taking
over the words from other languages with phonological adaptation
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. For example: lamp is translated into lampu.
5. Omission
Omission means dropping a word or words from the source language while translating. This procedure can be the outcome of the cultural clashes that
exist between the SL and the TL. In fact, it is in subtitling translation where omission attains its peak in use. The translator omits words that do not have
equivalents in the TL, or that may raise the hostility of the receptor. It is supposed to shorten and get clearer meaning.
These procedures are used to get the equivalent meaning between SL and TL, especially that provide in the label of baby product which relay the direction or
indication to give information to consumers and also affect them to buy the product. Therefore, the language in TL must interest to attract the readers.
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www. faculty.ksu.edu.saskarehLists...5Translation procedures.doc
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Muhammad Farkhan, An Introduction to Linguistics, Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press,2006, p.64
E. Interpretation
