Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

Exercise, Vocabulary, First Grade Students of Senior High, Computer Assisted Language Learning CALL, and Software. 1. Design ‘The entire process of analysis or learning need and goal and the development of a delivery system to meet the needs; includes development of instructional materials and activities; and try out and revision of all instruction and learner assessment activities” Briggs, 1977, P.xx. Design is very important in the study because it determines the materials and helps in the process of designing the English vocabulary materials. The writer has the main role to elaborate the vocabulary materials in order to achieve the main purpose of the study. 2. Web-based Ritter Stevens gives the description of web-based as “The delivery of and access to a co-ordinated collection of learning materials over an electronic medium using web server to deliver materials, a Web browser to access them…” Ritter and Stevens, 2000, p.8. Web Based is the way to help students to learn language, in this case English language, through the use of online service. 3. Vocabulary Vocabulary is one of the English elements which help students to achieve the language skills. In this study, vocabulary is a list of words which students learn in class based on the present curriculum. Nunan 1989 says that vocabulary is more than lists of target language words. As part of the language system, vocabulary intimately interrelated with grammar. 4. First Grade Students of Senior High First Grade Students of Senior High is defined in KTSP School Based Curriculum as the X grade students. The first grade student of senior high is about 15 – 16 of age. They are considered to have the basic skill of English from their previous educational level. 5. Computer Assisted Language Learning “Computer assisted language learning or CALL is defined as the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning” Levy, 1997: 58. The implementation can be in form of online and offline connection. Online connection is the condition where your computer is connected to the internet “If you have and internet connection, you can use the wide range of online connection” Ivens, http:books.google.co.idbooks?id=wACFGD3cIfoCpg=PT334dq=wh at+is+online+connection3Flr=. Offline on the other hand is the condition where the computer is not connected to a network of computers or internet service. 6. Software Software is defined as “Any program or routine or any sequence of machine-readable code that is designed to cause a computer to perform a desired function or set of functions, and the documentation required to describe and maintain that program or routine” Dickinson, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI http:books.google.co.idbooks?id=wA8prxoGgvYCpg=PA1207dq=c omputer+software+definitionlr=

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

This chapter discusses the theories underlying the study. In this chapter, the writer serves two major points of the discussion. The first deals with the Theoretical Description which includes the instructional design, the teaching and learning of vocabulary, the senior high school English curriculum grade X, computer assisted language learning CALL, and Macromedia Dreamweaver™ application. The second part deals with Theoretical Framework in designing a set of web-based English vocabulary supplementary materials for the first grade students of Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 9 Yogyakarta.

A. Theoretical Description

This part serves the theoretical background of the instructional design, the teaching and learning of vocabulary, the senior high school English curriculum grade X, computer assisted language learning CALL, and Macromedia Dreamweaver™ application. The theory of instructional design is be used to show the plan of the instruction used in the design and to give illustration about the elements which are going to be used in the instruction. The theory on vocabulary deals with the teaching and learning of vocabulary and also the theory on Computer assisted Language Learning CALL. The curriculum presents in this part is the School Based Curriculum or the Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan KTSP and it is used as the basis in creating the design. 11 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

1. Instructional Design Model

In this part, the study uses Kemp’s model of instructional design. The model will contribute to the instructional design in the designing of the instructions used in the study.

a. The Nature of Kemp’s Model

The instructional design approach by Kemp Kemp, 1977: 8-9 is the model which supplies the approach and procedures in order to design instructions used in all educational level. The design of the approach is the first step before conducting the teaching activities. There are 8 elements that need to be required in planning the instructional design. The eight elements are flexible, meaning that you can start with the element that you are ready with and you can follow the sequence or just pick an element and start to work on it. The eight elements are a Goal, Topics, and General Purposes, b Learners characteristics, c Learning Objectives, d Subject Content, e Pre-Assessment, f Teaching or Learning Activities and Resources, g Support Services, and h Evaluation. The explanations of the 8 steps are as follows: 1 Goal, Topics, and General Purposes The designer starts with the goal of the instructional design. The goal is required in developing the educational system to achieve the purpose of the activity. After finding the goal, the next step is to list the topics. The topic then becomes the basis for the instruction. General purposes are used to explain the topic and then to serve the objectives in order to understand more about the instructional design.